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The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions: Evidence from rural Ethiopia

2016-12-29 Political Science
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Release : 2016-12-29
Genre : Political Science
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Book Synopsis The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions: Evidence from rural Ethiopia by : Kosec, Katrina

Download or read book The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions: Evidence from rural Ethiopia written by Kosec, Katrina. This book was released on 2016-12-29. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does the amount of land youth expect to inherit affect their migration and employment decisions? This paper explores this question in the context of rural Ethiopia using panel data from 2010 and 2014. We estimate a household fixed-effects model and exploit exogenous variation in the timing of land redistributions to overcome endogenous household decisions about how much land to bequeath to descendants. We find that larger expected land inheritances significantly lower the likelihood of long-distance permanent migration and of permanent migration to urban areas during this time. Inheriting more land is also associated with a significantly higher likelihood of employment in agriculture and a lower likelihood of employment in the nonagricultural sector. Conversely, the decision to attend school is unaffected. These results appear to be most heavily driven by males and by the older half of our youth sample. We also find several mediating factors matter. Land inheritance plays a much more pronounced role in predicting rural-to-urban permanent migration and nonagricultural-sector employment in areas with less vibrant land markets and in relatively remote areas (those far from major urban centers). Overall, the results suggest that inheritance strongly influences the spatial location and strategic employment decisions of youth.

The Effect of Land Access on Youth Employment and Migration Decisions

2020
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Release : 2020
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Book Synopsis The Effect of Land Access on Youth Employment and Migration Decisions by : Katrina Kosec

Download or read book The Effect of Land Access on Youth Employment and Migration Decisions written by Katrina Kosec. This book was released on 2020. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does the amount of land that youth expect to inherit affect their migration and employment decisions? We explore this question in the context of rural Ethiopia using a 2014 cross-sectional dataset indicating whether or not youth household members from a previous 2010 survey had migrated by 2014, and in which sector they worked in 2014. We estimate a household fixed effects model and exploit exogenous variation in the timing of land redistributions to overcome endogenous household decisions about how much land to bequeath to descendants. We find that larger expected land inheritances significantly lower the likelihood of long-distance permanent migration and of permanent migration to urban areas. Inheriting more land also leads to a significantly higher likelihood of employment in agriculture and a lower likelihood of employment in the non-agricultural sector. Conversely, the decision to attend school is unaffected. These results appear to be most heavily-driven by males and by the older half of our youth sample. We also find suggestive evidence that several mediating factors matter. Land inheritance is a much stronger predictor of rural-to-urban permanent migration and non-agricultural-sector employment in areas with less vibrant land markets, in relatively remote areas (those far from major urban centers), and in areas with lower soil quality. Overall, these results affirm the importance of push factors in dictating occupation and migration decisions in Ethiopia.

The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions: Evidence from rural Ethiopia

2017-03-28 Political Science
Download The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions: Evidence from rural Ethiopia PDF Online Free

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Release : 2017-03-28
Genre : Political Science
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Book Synopsis The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions: Evidence from rural Ethiopia by : Kosec, Katrina

Download or read book The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions: Evidence from rural Ethiopia written by Kosec, Katrina. This book was released on 2017-03-28. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Ethiopia, there are two binding forces (push and pull) that deserve attention when it comes to youth occupational and spatial mobility choices and the national land use and transfer policy. On the one hand, the fact that the land rental market in Ethiopia is supply constrained due to market and policy distortions marginalizes youth and serves as a push factor leading them to look elsewhere for a livelihood strategy. On the other hand, the regulatory conditions and restrictions attached to land use and inheritance rights may serve as a pull factor and force youth to be tied to the rural and/or farming sector. Our study thus aims to explore how youth land access (both inheritance and market-based) affects their migration and employment decisions. We explore this question in the context of rural Ethiopia using panel data from 2010 and 2014. We find that larger expected land inheritances significantly lower the likelihood of long-distance permanent migration and of permanent migration to urban areas during this time. Inheriting more land is also associated with a significantly higher likelihood of employment in agriculture and a lower likelihood of employment in the nonagricultural sector. Conversely, the decision to attend school is unaffected. These results appear to be most heavily driven by males and by the older half of our youth sample. We also find several mediating factors matter. Land inheritance plays a much more pronounced role in predicting rural-to-urban permanent migration and nonagricultural-sector employment in areas with less vibrant land markets and in relatively remote areas (those far from major urban centers). Overall, the results reaffirm the notion that push factors dominate pull factors in dictating occupational and migration decisions in Ethiopia and highlight youth preferences to use migration or non-agricultural employment as a last resort after exhausting other means of accessing land, such as temporary land rental.

IFAD Research Series 53 - Youth Access to Land, Migration and Employment Opportunities

2020
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Release : 2020
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Book Synopsis IFAD Research Series 53 - Youth Access to Land, Migration and Employment Opportunities by : Felix Kwame Yeboah

Download or read book IFAD Research Series 53 - Youth Access to Land, Migration and Employment Opportunities written by Felix Kwame Yeboah. This book was released on 2020. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the intersections between youth access to land, migration decisions and employment opportunities using nationally representative and multi-year data from multiple African countries. We document evidence on the evolving dynamics in land distribution and ownership patterns, the effect of land access on youth livelihood choices and development of rental and sales market in the region. The report highlights six key findings: First, a progressively smaller proportion of young people are inheriting land due to land scarcity. Second, rural youth who do inherit land will need to wait longer to gain access to it because of significantly longer adult life spans. Third, land scarcity has been driving rapid changes in the land ownership and distribution patterns over the past decade and shaping the employment and migration decisions of rural youth. Fourth, the share of individual labour time devoted to farming is declining over time across age categories and gender, signifying that continued economic transformation processes are underway in Africa.

Role of land access in youth migration and youth employment decisions: Empirical evidence from rural Nigeria

2018-10-22 Political Science
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Release : 2018-10-22
Genre : Political Science
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Book Synopsis Role of land access in youth migration and youth employment decisions: Empirical evidence from rural Nigeria by : Ghebru, Hosaena

Download or read book Role of land access in youth migration and youth employment decisions: Empirical evidence from rural Nigeria written by Ghebru, Hosaena. This book was released on 2018-10-22. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper examines the role of land access in youth migration and employment decisions using a two wave panel data set from the Living Standards Measurement Study—Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) from Nigeria. Overall, the findings show that the size of expected land inheritance is significantly and negatively associated with long distance migration and migration to urban areas, while a similar impact is negligible when a broader definition of migration is adopted and when migration is deemed as temporary. A more disaggregated analysis by considering individual characteristics of the youth shows that results are more elastic for older youth and those that are less educated, while we find no difference when comparisons are made by gender. Similar analysis on the influence of land access on youth employment choices shows strong evidence that the larger the size of the expected land inheritance the lower the likelihood of the youth being involved in non-agricultural activities and a higher chance of staying in agriculture or the dual sector. The results further reveal that youth in areas with a high level of agricultural commercialization and modernization seem to be more responsive to land access considerations in making migration and employment decisions than are youth residing in less commercialized areas. Finally, the results from the differential analysis suggest that rural-to-urban migration and the likelihood of youth involvement in the dual economy is more responsive to the size of the expected land inheritance for less educated youth as compared to more educated ones.

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