Share

Topics in Constraint-Based Grammar of Japanese

2012-12-06 Education
Download Topics in Constraint-Based Grammar of Japanese PDF Online Free

Author :
Release : 2012-12-06
Genre : Education
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 721/5 ( reviews)

GET EBOOK


Book Synopsis Topics in Constraint-Based Grammar of Japanese by : T. Gunji

Download or read book Topics in Constraint-Based Grammar of Japanese written by T. Gunji. This book was released on 2012-12-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers reports our attempt to sketch how Japanese grammar can be represented in a constraint-based formalism. Our first attempt of this nature appeared a decade ago as Japanese Phrase Structure Grammar (Gunji 1987) and in several papers following the publication of the book. This book has evolved from a technical memo that was a progress report on the Japanese phrase structure grammar (JPSG) project, which was conducted as an activity of the JPSG Working Group at ICOT (Institute for New-Generation Computing Technology) from 1984 to 1992. JPSG implements ideas from recent developments in phrase structure grammar formalism, such as head-driven phrase structure grammar (HPSG), (see Pollard & Sag 1987, 1994) as applied to the Japanese language. The main goal of this project was to state various grammatical regularities exhibited in natural language in general (and in Japanese in particular) as a set of local constraints. The book is organized in two parts. Part I gives an overview of developments in our framework after the publication of Gunji (1987), introducing our fundamental assumptions as well as discussing various aspects of Japanese in the constraint based formalism and summarizing discussions of the JPSG Working Group during the above-mentioned period. Naturally, in the period after the publication of the above book, our discussion was centered on topics not covered in the book.

The German Perfect

2012-12-06 Language Arts & Disciplines
Download The German Perfect PDF Online Free

Author :
Release : 2012-12-06
Genre : Language Arts & Disciplines
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 524/5 ( reviews)

GET EBOOK


Book Synopsis The German Perfect by : R. Musan

Download or read book The German Perfect written by R. Musan. This book was released on 2012-12-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. OUTLINE German has the three main perfect constructions which are illustrated in (1. 1). 1 In each of these constructions, the verb appears in the past participial form and is combined with an auxiliary - in this case, haben ('have'); other verbs form their perfect constructions with the auxiliary sein ('be'). 2 The auxiliary can then be com bined with a tense -Le. the present tense as in (Ua), the past tense as in (b), or the future tense as in (c). 3 (1. 1) a. PRESENT PERFECT: Die Eule hat die Schule verlassen. the owl has the school left b. PAST PERFECT: Die Eule hatte die Schule verlassen. the owl had the school left c. FUTURE PERFECT: Die Eule wird die Schule verlassen haben. the owl will the school left have As will shortly become clear, the present perfect is the most intricate of the perfect constructions in German. It has been investigated intensely in the past, with the result that today there is little doubt about what the core problems concerning its semantics are.

Computing Meaning

2012-12-06 Language Arts & Disciplines
Download Computing Meaning PDF Online Free

Author :
Release : 2012-12-06
Genre : Language Arts & Disciplines
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 729/5 ( reviews)

GET EBOOK


Book Synopsis Computing Meaning by : H. Bunt

Download or read book Computing Meaning written by H. Bunt. This book was released on 2012-12-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of papers written by outstanding researchers in the newly emerging field of computational semantics. Computational semantics is concerned with the computation of the meanings of linguistic objects such as text fragments, spoken dialogue utterances, and e-mail messages. The meaning of such an object is determined partly by linguistic information and partly by information from the context in which the object occurs. The information from these sources is combined by processes that infer which interpretation of the object applies in the given context. This applies not only to notoriously difficult aspects of interpreting linguistic objects, such as indexicals, anaphora, and metonymy, but also to establishing the precise reference of common nouns and the scopes of noun phrases. The central issue in computational semantics is how processes of finding and combining the relevant linguistic and contextual information into contextually appropriate meanings can be organised. Traditional approaches of applying context information to disambiguated natural language expressions do not work well, due to the massive ambiguity in natural language. Recent work in computational semantics suggests, alternatively, to represent linguistic semantic information in formal structures with underspecification, and to apply context information in inference processes that result in further specification of these representations. Underspecified representation and inference are therefore the key topics in this book. The book is aimed at those linguists, computer scientists, and logicians who take an interest in the computation of meaning, and who want to know what is happening in this exciting field of research.

Verbmobil: Foundations of Speech-to-Speech Translation

2013-04-17 Computers
Download Verbmobil: Foundations of Speech-to-Speech Translation PDF Online Free

Author :
Release : 2013-04-17
Genre : Computers
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 304/5 ( reviews)

GET EBOOK


Book Synopsis Verbmobil: Foundations of Speech-to-Speech Translation by : Wolfgang Wahlster

Download or read book Verbmobil: Foundations of Speech-to-Speech Translation written by Wolfgang Wahlster. This book was released on 2013-04-17. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1992 it seemed very difficult to answer the question whether it would be possible to develop a portable system for the automatic recognition and translation of spon taneous speech. Previous research work on speech processing had focused on read speech only and international projects aimed at automated text translation had just been terminated without achieving their objectives. Within this context, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) made a careful analysis of all national and international research projects conducted in the field of speech and language technology before deciding to launch an eight-year basic-research lead project in which research groups were to cooperate in an interdisciplinary and international effort covering the disciplines of computer science, computational linguistics, translation science, signal processing, communi cation science and artificial intelligence. At some point, the project comprised up to 135 work packages with up to 33 research groups working on these packages. The project was controlled by means of a network plan. Every two years the project sit uation was assessed and the project goals were updated. An international scientific advisory board provided advice for BMBF. A new scientific approach was chosen for this project: coping with the com plexity of spontaneous speech with all its pertinent phenomena such as ambiguities, self-corrections, hesitations and disfluencies took precedence over the intended lex icon size. Another important aspect was that prosodic information was exploited at all processing stages.

Formal Properties of Measurement Constructions

2008-08-27 Language Arts & Disciplines
Download Formal Properties of Measurement Constructions PDF Online Free

Author :
Release : 2008-08-27
Genre : Language Arts & Disciplines
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 487/5 ( reviews)

GET EBOOK


Book Synopsis Formal Properties of Measurement Constructions by : Kimiko Nakanishi

Download or read book Formal Properties of Measurement Constructions written by Kimiko Nakanishi. This book was released on 2008-08-27. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the semantics and syntax-semantics interface of measurement constructions, such as (non-)split quantifiers and comparatives. The cross-linguistic investigation reveals that seemingly diverse constructions can be categorized into two classes depending on whether they measure nominal or verbal predicates, and shows that the classification accounts for why certain constructions have certain characteristics concerning distributivity and single-event predicates. Throughout the book, particular emphasis is placed on issues of compositionality.

You may also like...