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Schedules of Reinforcement

2015-05-20 Psychology
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Release : 2015-05-20
Genre : Psychology
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 951/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Schedules of Reinforcement by : B. F. Skinner

Download or read book Schedules of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner. This book was released on 2015-05-20. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws.

Essentials of Psychology

2020-01-07 Education
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Release : 2020-01-07
Genre : Education
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 891/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Essentials of Psychology by : Jeffrey S. Nevid

Download or read book Essentials of Psychology written by Jeffrey S. Nevid. This book was released on 2020-01-07. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Did you know that Facebook use can affect grades, and that only about 1% of students in a research study could correctly draw the Apple logo? Written in an engaging style that speaks directly to readers with examples of psychological concepts drawn from daily life, this brief introductory text makes the study of psychology interesting while providing solid grounding in the subject's knowledge base to help you succeed in the course. With built-in learning aids, ESSENTIALS OF PSYCHOLOGY: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS, 5th Edition features an effective learning system that helps you absorb and remember important information. In MindTap, the text's online learning experience, you'll fine author podcasts and videos that you can access from your smart phone, direct links to TEDTalks, interactive learning activities, cool apps, and more.

Contingencies of Reinforcement

2014-07-01 Science
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Release : 2014-07-01
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 935/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Contingencies of Reinforcement by : B. F. Skinner

Download or read book Contingencies of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner. This book was released on 2014-07-01. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: B. F. Skinner titled this book, Contingencies of Reinforcement, after the heart of his science of behavior. Contingencies relate classes of actions to postcedent events and to the contexts in which those action-postcedent relations occur. The basic processes seem straightforward, but many people do not know or understand the underlying theory. Skinner believed that ‘a theory is essential to the scientific understanding of behavior as a subject matter”. This book presents some of Skinner’s most sophisticated statements about theoretical issues. To his original articles, he added notes to clarify and expand subtle points. The book thus provides an overview of Skinner’s thinking about theory and the philosophy underpinning the science he began.

Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders

2016 Autism in children
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Release : 2016
Genre : Autism in children
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 358/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Fred R. Volkmar

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Fred R. Volkmar. This book was released on 2016. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Technology of Teaching

2016-04-26 Education
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Release : 2016-04-26
Genre : Education
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 92X/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Technology of Teaching by : B. F. Skinner

Download or read book The Technology of Teaching written by B. F. Skinner. This book was released on 2016-04-26. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Parent's Day, in 1952, B. F. Skinner visited his daughter's fourth grade math class. As he watched the lesson, he became increasingly uncomfortable. Almost every principle of effective teaching that he had studied for more than 20 years was being violated in that classroom. Yet it was a typical class. The teacher showed how to solve the day's problems, then gave the students a worksheet to do. Some children began to work readily while others shifted uncomfortably in their chairs, or raised their hands for help. The teacher went from desk to desk, giving help and feedback. Skinner knew what was needed. Each student should be given a problem tailored precisely to his or her skill level, not to the class average, and every answer needed to be assessed immediately to determine the next step. The task was clearly impossible for one teacher. That afternoon, Skinner set to work on a teaching machine. Today's computers have made the mechanical machine obsolete, but the principles of how to design instruction in steps that lead from a basic level to competent performance are as valid today as they were in the 20th century. This book brings together Skinner's writings on education during the years he was most involved in improving education.

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