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Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and the Quest for Accountability

2019-03-18 History
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Release : 2019-03-18
Genre : History
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 536/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and the Quest for Accountability by : George Andreopoulos

Download or read book Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and the Quest for Accountability written by George Andreopoulos. This book was released on 2019-03-18. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) have constituted a perennial feature of the security landscape. Yet, it is their involvement in and conduct during the ongoing wars in Iraq and Afghanistan that have transformed the outsourcing of security services into such a pressing public policy and world-order issue. The PMSCs’ ubiquitous presence in armed conflict situations, as well as in post-conflict reconstruction, their diverse list of clients (governments in the developed and developing world, non-state armed groups, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, and international corporations) and, in the context of armed conflict situations, involvement in instances of gross misconduct, have raised serious accountability issues. The prominence of PMSCs in conflict zones has generated critical questions concerning the very concept of security and the role of private force, a rethinking of "essential governmental functions," a rearticulation of the distinction between public/private and global/local in the context of the creation of new forms of "security governance," and a consideration of the relevance, as well as limitations, of existing regulatory frameworks that include domestic and international law (in particular international human rights law and international humanitarian law). This book critically examines the growing role of PMSCs in conflict and post-conflict situations, as part of a broader trend towards the outsourcing of security functions. Particular emphasis is placed on key moral, legal, and political considerations involved in the privatization of such functions, on the impact of outsourcing on security governance, and on the main challenges confronting efforts to hold PMSCs accountable through a combination of formal and informal, domestic as well as international, regulatory mechanisms and processes. It will be of interest to scholars, policymakers, practitioners and advocates for a more transparent and humane security order. This book was published as a special issue of Criminal Justice Ethics.

UN Use of Private Military and Security Companies

2011-11-09 Political Science
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Release : 2011-11-09
Genre : Political Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 307/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis UN Use of Private Military and Security Companies by : Åse Gilje Østensen

Download or read book UN Use of Private Military and Security Companies written by Åse Gilje Østensen. This book was released on 2011-11-09. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although subject to little discussion, the UN has increasingly paid private military and security companies (PMSCs) for a range of services in the areas of humanitarian affairs, peacebuilding and development. However, this practice has rarely translated into coherent policies or guidelines that could guide the UN in setting standards or ensuring responsible contracting procedures. This paper explores UN demand for PMSCs and identifies the need for a more proactive, sensitive and deliberate political approach in order to avoid potential pitfalls associated with involving PMSCs in the delivery of UN tasks.

The Power and Accountability of Private Military and Security Companies

2016
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Release : 2016
Genre :
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Book Synopsis The Power and Accountability of Private Military and Security Companies by : Hannah Tonkin

Download or read book The Power and Accountability of Private Military and Security Companies written by Hannah Tonkin. This book was released on 2016. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this Chapter, Hannah Tonkin examines in detail the challenges that confront states in supervising and managing private military and security companies (PMSCs) effectively in the field, particularly in weak or conflict-prone states. Effective management of PMSCs is problematic and the stakes are high. For example, there is the potential for PMSCs to challenge state authority and even impede, in the long term, the development of strong public institutions. The rapid proliferation of PMSCs in the 1990s led to a paradigm shift in military security, raising the question of whether democratic constraints are still valid and sufficient for the new institutions that dominate the use of force. Tonkin argues that states have been slow to adjust and have taken inadequate measures to constrain the use of force. There have been recent improvements, however. Tonkin suggests that for PMSCs to fulfill fundamental values, such as the achievement of physical security, their use of force must be democratically constrained. She concludes the chapter with a discussion of improvements in the regulation of PMSCs and the broader questions that remain to be addressed.

Private Military and Security Companies

2009-10-16 History
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Release : 2009-10-16
Genre : History
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 863/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Private Military and Security Companies by : Andrew Alexandra

Download or read book Private Military and Security Companies written by Andrew Alexandra. This book was released on 2009-10-16. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past twenty years, Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) have become significant elements of national security arrangements, assuming many of the functions that have traditionally been undertaken by state armies. Given the centrality of control over the use of coercive force to the functioning and identity of the modern state, and to international order, these developments clearly are of great practical and conceptual interest. This edited volume provides an interdisciplinary overview of PMSCs: what they are, why they have emerged in their current form, how they operate, their current and likely future military, political, social and economic impact, and the moral and legal constraints that do and should apply to their operation. The book focuses firstly upon normative issues raised by the development of PMSCs, and then upon state regulation and policy towards PMSCs, examining finally the impact of PMSCs on civil-military relations. It takes an innovative approach, bringing theory and empirical research into mutually illuminating contact. Includes contributions from experts in IR, political theory, international and corporate law, and economics, and also breaks important new ground by including philosophical discussions of PMSCs.

Private Security, Public Order

2009-11-05 Law
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Release : 2009-11-05
Genre : Law
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Book Rating : 275/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Private Security, Public Order by : Simon Chesterman

Download or read book Private Security, Public Order written by Simon Chesterman. This book was released on 2009-11-05. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private actors are increasingly taking on roles traditionally arrogated to the state. Both in the industrialized North and the developing South, functions essential to external and internal security and to the satisfaction of basic human needs are routinely contracted out to non-state agents. In the area of privatization of security functions, attention by academics and policy makers tends to focus on the activities of private military and security companies, especially in the context of armed conflicts, and their impact on human rights and post-conflict stability and reconstruction. The first edited volume emerging from New York University School of Law's Institute for International Justice project on private military and security companies, From Mercenaries to Market: The Rise and Regulation of Private Military Companies broadened this debate to situate the private military phenomenon in the context of moves towards the regulation of activities through market and non-market mechanisms. Where that first volume looked at the emerging market for use of force, this second volume looks at the transformations in the nature of state authority. Drawing on insights from work on privatization, regulation, and accountability in the emerging field of global administrative law, the book examines private military and security companies through the wider lens of private actors performing public functions. In the past two decades, the responsibilities delegated to such actors - especially but not only in the United States - have grown exponentially. The central question of this volume is whether there should be any limits on government capacity to outsource traditionally "public" functions. Can and should a government put out to private tender the fulfilment of military, intelligence, and prison services? Can and should it transfer control of utilities essential to life, such as the supply of water? This discussion incorporates numerous perspectives on regulatory and governance issues in the private provision of public functions, but focuses primarily on private actors offering services that impact the fundamental rights of the affected population.

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