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Cosmic Rays, Supernova, and the Origin of Ultrahigh Energy Particles

1985
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Release : 1985
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Book Synopsis Cosmic Rays, Supernova, and the Origin of Ultrahigh Energy Particles by :

Download or read book Cosmic Rays, Supernova, and the Origin of Ultrahigh Energy Particles written by . This book was released on 1985. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The acceleration of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays, greater than or equal to10/sup 15 -20/ eV, is still an unsolved problem in high-energy astrophysics. The now classical mechanism of stochastic acceleration of cosmic rays in a strong shock in the interstellar or intergalactic medium is limited in time and dimension for all likely acceleration sites, particularly for the highest energies. Acceleration of cosmic rays across a plasma shock of velocity, .beta./sub s/ (.beta./sub s/ = v/sub shock//c), requires 1/.beta./sub s/ number of crossings and therefore (1/.beta./sub s/)2 number of scatterings for doubling the energy of a particle. This requires a space of the order of 1/.beta./sub s/ x the scattering length, or a multiple of the Larmor radius and hence, the space requirements to cosmic ray acceleration are very many Larmor orbits in dimension, as well as times that are larger by (1/.beta./sub s/)2 x t/sub Larmor/. The acceleration of cosmic rays by the shock in the envelope of a Type 1 supernova is reviewed, and the interaction of the accelerated matter with the nearby ISM is considered. The spectrum of relativistic ejected matter is preferentially trapped in the ISM. Further acceleration of each energy group should take place in both the near relativistic shock wave and the compression by the following matter. The possible acceleration of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays in the accretion disk of a near-stationery magnetic neutron star such as Cyg-X3 is another strong possibility. Here the diffusion of magnetic flux radially outwards opposite to the viscous diffusion of mass radially inwards is considered as a likely topology for a unipolar generator acceleration of ultrahigh energy particles.

Origin of Cosmic Rays

2012-12-06 Science
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Release : 2012-12-06
Genre : Science
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Book Rating : 758/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Origin of Cosmic Rays by : G. Setti

Download or read book Origin of Cosmic Rays written by G. Setti. This book was released on 2012-12-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cosmic radiation was discovered by Hess in 1912 but its origin is still the subject of much controversy and considerable study. For several decades most workers in the cosmic ray field were interested in the Nuclear Physical aspect of the particle beam and many important dis coveries were made, notably the identification of the positron, the muon, the pion and the strange particles. More recently however, em phasis has changed to the Astrophysical aspect both with re8ard to the origin of the radiation and to its relation with the other radiation fields. Mindful of the increasing importance of the Astrophysical facets of the subject the Cosmic Ray Commission of IUPAP approached the High Energy Astrophysics Commission of the IAU with the suggestion of a joint Symposium on Cosmic Ray Origin. The plan was to bring together workers in all the various astronomical fields - from Radio, through Optical to Gamma Rays - with Cosmic Ray physicists and to fully explore the various interrelations. The approach was received with enthusiasm and this book contains the proceedings of the ensuing Symposium, (styled IUPAP/ IAU Symposium No. 94) which was held in Bologna from 11th - 14th June 1980. Virtually all the papers presented are reproduced here. The Scientific Organizing Committee chose the invited speakers whose papers formed the major scientific component of the meeting. Additional short contributed papers were also called for and very brief 2-page resumes (which have not been refereed) are given in the proceedings.

Composition and Origin of Cosmic Rays

2012-12-06 Science
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Release : 2012-12-06
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Book Synopsis Composition and Origin of Cosmic Rays by : M.M. Shapiro

Download or read book Composition and Origin of Cosmic Rays written by M.M. Shapiro. This book was released on 2012-12-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Ettore Majorana Centre, Erice, Sicily, Italy, June 20-30, 1982

Cosmic Rays, Supernovae and the Interstellar Medium

2012-12-06 Science
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Release : 2012-12-06
Genre : Science
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Book Rating : 589/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Cosmic Rays, Supernovae and the Interstellar Medium by : M.M. Shapiro

Download or read book Cosmic Rays, Supernovae and the Interstellar Medium written by M.M. Shapiro. This book was released on 2012-12-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Galactic cosmic rays have far-reaching effects on the interstellar medium, and they are, in turn, profoundly affected by the particles and fields in space. Supernova remnants and their expanding shock fronts pervade the Galaxy, heating the interstellar medium, and accelerating the cosmic rays. The interplay among the cosmic rays, the interstellar medium in which they propagate, and supernovae has been investigated for decades; yet these studies have generated as many enigmas as they have resolved. These puzzles continue to challenge observers and theorists alike. th This volume is devoted to selected lectures presented in the 7 Course of the International School of Cosmic-Ray Astrophysics in Erice, Italy in July-August, 1990. Alltogether, some 400 participants have attended the biennial sessions of this School since its inception in 1978. As its name implies, the School deals with cosmic-ray phenomena viewed in the broader context of astrophysics. Students and Lecturers are attracted from many astrophysical disciplines. Like earlier courses in this series, the present one was organized under the aegis of the Ettore Majorana Centre as a NATO Advanced Study Institute. Given the diverse scientific backgrounds of the students, it was deemed useful to include lectures at the introductory level. Other lectures and contributed talks were at a more advanced level, featuring new developments. If this collection is useful pedagogically, and if it provides some stimulus and information for the mature research worker, then the editors will feel well rewarded.

Very High Energy Cosmic Gamma Radiation

2004 Science
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Release : 2004
Genre : Science
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Book Rating : 732/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Very High Energy Cosmic Gamma Radiation by : Felix A. Aharonian

Download or read book Very High Energy Cosmic Gamma Radiation written by Felix A. Aharonian. This book was released on 2004. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gamma ray astronomy, the branch of high energy astrophysics that studies the sky in energetic ?-ray photons, is destined to play a crucial role in the exploration of nonthermal phenomena in the Universe in their most extreme and violent forms. The great potential of this discipline offers impressive coverage of many OC hot topicsOCO of modern astrophysics and cosmology, such as the origin of galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays, particle acceleration and radiation processes under extreme astrophysical conditions, and the search for dark matter."

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