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A Typology of Purpose Clauses

2009 Language Arts & Disciplines
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Release : 2009
Genre : Language Arts & Disciplines
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Book Rating : 694/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis A Typology of Purpose Clauses by : Karsten Schmidtke-Bode

Download or read book A Typology of Purpose Clauses written by Karsten Schmidtke-Bode. This book was released on 2009. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations and notational conventions -- 1. Aims and scope of the book -- 2. Theoretical and methodological foundations -- 3. The grammar of purpose -- 4. Purpose clauses in the syntactic and conceptual space of complex sentences -- Summary: the developmental trajectories of purpose clauses -- Conclusion and outlook -- References

Typological Studies

2014-02-04 Language Arts & Disciplines
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Release : 2014-02-04
Genre : Language Arts & Disciplines
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 245/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Typological Studies by : Guglielmo Cinque

Download or read book Typological Studies written by Guglielmo Cinque. This book was released on 2014-02-04. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Cinque takes a generative perspective on typological questions relating to word order and to the syntax of relative clauses. In particular, Cinque looks at: the position of the Head vis à vis the relative clause in relation to the position of the verb vis à vis his object; a general cross-linguistic analysis of correlatives; the need to distinguish a sentence-grammar, from a discourse-grammar, type of non-restrictives (with languages differing as to whether they possess both, one, the other, or neither); a selective type of extraction from relative clauses; and a tentative sketch of a more ample work in progress on a unified analysis of externally headed, internally headed, and headless relative clauses.

The Semantics of Clause Linking

2009-08-06 Language Arts & Disciplines
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Release : 2009-08-06
Genre : Language Arts & Disciplines
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 951/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Semantics of Clause Linking by : R. M. W. Dixon

Download or read book The Semantics of Clause Linking written by R. M. W. Dixon. This book was released on 2009-08-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a cross-linguistic examination of the different grammatical means languages employ to represent a general set of semantic relations between clauses. The investigations focus on ways of combining clauses other than through relative and complement clause constructions. These span a number of types of semantic linking. Three, for example, describe varieties of consequence - cause, result, and purpose - which may be illustrated in English by, respectively: Because John has been studying German for years, he speaks it well; John has been studying German for years, thus he speaks it well; and John has been studying German for years, in order that he should speak it well. Syntactic descriptions of languages provide a grammatical analysis of clause types. The chapters in this book add the further dimension of semantics, generally in the form of focal and supporting clauses, the former referring to the central activity or state of the biclausal linking; and the latter to the clause attached to it. The supporting clause may set out the temporal milieu for the focal clause or specify a condition or presupposition for it or a preliminary statement of it, as in Although John has been studying German for years (the supporting clause), he does not speak it well (the focal clause). Professor Dixon's extensive opening discussion is followed by fourteen case studies of languages ranging from Korean and Kham to Iquito and Ojibwe. The book's concluding synthesis is provided by Professor Aikhenvald.

Explanation in typology

Language Arts & Disciplines
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Genre : Language Arts & Disciplines
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Book Rating : 477/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Explanation in typology by : Karsten Schmidtke-Bode

Download or read book Explanation in typology written by Karsten Schmidtke-Bode. This book was released on . Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an up-to-date discussion of a foundational issue that has recently taken centre stage in linguistic typology and which is relevant to the language sciences more generally: To what extent can cross-linguistic generalizations, i.e. statistical universals of linguistic structure, be explained by the diachronic sources of these structures? Everyone agrees that typological distributions are the result of complex histories, as “languages evolve into the variation states to which synchronic universals pertain” (Hawkins 1988). However, an increasingly popular line of argumentation holds that many, perhaps most, typological regularities are long-term reflections of their diachronic sources, rather than being ‘target-driven’ by overarching functional-adaptive motivations. On this view, recurrent pathways of reanalysis and grammaticalization can lead to uniform synchronic results, obviating the need to postulate global forces like ambiguity avoidance, processing efficiency or iconicity, especially if there is no evidence for such motivations in the genesis of the respective constructions. On the other hand, the recent typological literature is equally ripe with talk of "complex adaptive systems", "attractor states" and "cross-linguistic convergence". One may wonder, therefore, how much room is left for traditional functional-adaptive forces and how exactly they influence the diachronic trajectories that shape universal distributions. The papers in the present volume are intended to provide an accessible introduction to this debate. Covering theoretical, methodological and empirical facets of the issue at hand, they represent current ways of thinking about the role of diachronic sources in explaining grammatical universals, articulated by seasoned and budding linguists alike.

Language Typology and Syntactic Description: Volume 3

1985-07-25 Language Arts & Disciplines
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Release : 1985-07-25
Genre : Language Arts & Disciplines
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Book Rating : 990/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Language Typology and Syntactic Description: Volume 3 by : Timothy Shopen

Download or read book Language Typology and Syntactic Description: Volume 3 written by Timothy Shopen. This book was released on 1985-07-25. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three volumes of Language typology and syntactic description offer a unique survey of syntactic and morphological structure in the languages of the world. Topics covered include parts of speech; passives; complementation; relative clauses; adverbial clauses; inflectional morphology; tense; aspect and mood; and deixis. The major ways these notions are realized u=in the languages of the world are explored, and the contributors provide brief sketches of relevant aspects of representative languages. Each volume is written in an accessible style with new concepts explained and exemplified as they are introduced. Although each volume can be read independently, together they provide a major work of reference that will serve as a manual for field workers and anyone interested in cross-linguistic generalizations.

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