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Water use in livestock production systems and supply chains. Guidelines for assessment

2019-08-14 Technology & Engineering
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Release : 2019-08-14
Genre : Technology & Engineering
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Book Rating : 135/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Water use in livestock production systems and supply chains. Guidelines for assessment by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Water use in livestock production systems and supply chains. Guidelines for assessment written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. This book was released on 2019-08-14. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Technical Advisory Group (TAG) for Water Use Assessment, composed by 30 international experts, has developed guidelines on water footprinting for livestock supply chains. The mandate of the Water TAG was to provide recommendations to monitor the environmental performance of feed and livestock supply chains over time so that progress towards improvement targets can be measured; apply the guidelines for feed and water demand of small ruminants, poultry, large ruminants and pig supply chains; build on and go beyond the existing FAO LEAP guidelines; and pursue alignment with relevant International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards, specifically ISO 14040, ISO 14044 (ISO, 2006b and 2006a) and ISO 14046 (ISO, 2014). The guidelines on water use assessment include the impact assessment: the assessment of the environmental performance related to water use of a livestock-related system by assessing potential environmental impacts of blue water consumption following the water scarcity footprint according to the framework provided by ISO 14046 (ISO, 2014); and the assessment of the system’s productivity of green and blue water. The guidelines are thus intended to support the optimization of use of water resources and the identification of opportunities to decrease the potential impacts of water use in livestock production. The Water TAG guidance is relevant for livestock production systems, including feed production from croplands and grasslands, and production and processing of livestock products (cradle-to-gate). It addresses all livestock production systems and livestock species considered in existing LEAP animal guidelines: poultry, pig, small ruminant and large ruminant supply chains.

Accounting for livestock water productivity: How and why?

2021-01-22 Technology & Engineering
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Release : 2021-01-22
Genre : Technology & Engineering
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 345/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Accounting for livestock water productivity: How and why? by : ​Drastig, K., Vellenga, L., Qualitz, G., Singh, R., Pfister, S., Boulay, A.-M., Wiedemann, S., Prochnow, A., Chapagain, A., De Camillis, C., Opio, C. & Mottet, A.

Download or read book Accounting for livestock water productivity: How and why? written by ​Drastig, K., Vellenga, L., Qualitz, G., Singh, R., Pfister, S., Boulay, A.-M., Wiedemann, S., Prochnow, A., Chapagain, A., De Camillis, C., Opio, C. & Mottet, A.. This book was released on 2021-01-22. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The assessment of water productivity in livestock supply chains has a critical role to play in developing productive and sustainable food production systems worldwide. In particular, the evaluation of water productivity improvement options is key to addressing growing food demand and the projected impacts of climate change under conditions where the availability of land and water resources is increasingly limited. In this report, we review current applications of water productivity analysis in livestock supply chains. To do so, we analysed 50 livestock water productivity studies carried out in various regions of the world from 1993 to the present time. We reviewed the assessment goals, system boundaries, methodological approaches, water flows, modelling tools, databases, livestock species and the main findings in each of the studies. We found that there was no consistency in the methods and approaches used to assess water productivity in livestock production chains. The studies varied widely in terms of their assessment goals, methodology, and the sources of water used for the analysis. The main methodological differences were the inclusion or exclusion of background processes, such as water input and the treatment of precipitation in accounting for water use in livestock production processes. Another key issue was the missing uncertainty assessment, which can be classified as input data uncertainty or model uncertainty, as well as choice uncertainties. The review recommends the further development of guidelines that ensure a consistent and coordinated application of water productivity analysis of livestock production systems world-wide.

Nutrient Flows and associated environmental impacts in livestock supply chains. Guidelines for assessment

2018-09-27 Business & Economics
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Release : 2018-09-27
Genre : Business & Economics
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 019/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Nutrient Flows and associated environmental impacts in livestock supply chains. Guidelines for assessment by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Nutrient Flows and associated environmental impacts in livestock supply chains. Guidelines for assessment written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. This book was released on 2018-09-27. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the methodology developed in these guidelines is to introduce a harmonized international approach assessing nutrient flows and impact assessment for eutrophication and acidification for livestock supply chains taking the specificity of the various production systems involved into consideration. The methodology strives to increase understanding of nutrient use efficiency and associated environmental impacts and to facilitate the improvement of livestock systems’ environmental performance. The guidelines are a product of the Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance (LEAP) Partnership, a multi-stakeholder initiative whose goal is to improve the environmental sustainability of livestock sector through better metrics and data. Nutrient use in livestock production systems increased over the last decades due to the increased demand for livestock production. This demand is mainly driven by the increase in the population growth, population income, and urbanization. Consequently, in livestock supply chains, nutrient losses into the environment have contributed to environmental burdens such as climate change, air and water pollution, degradation of soil quality, loss of biodiversity and human health issues. Therefore, there is strong interest in measuring nutrient flows to improve the environmental performance of the livestock sector. The objectives of these guidelines are: •To develop a harmonized, science-based approach resting on a consensus among the sector’s stakeholders; •To recommend a scientific, but at the same time practical, an approach that builds on existing or developing methodologies; •To promote a harmonised approach to assess nutrient flows and impact assessment, relevant for global livestock supply chains; •To identify the principal areas where ambiguity or differing views exist concerning the methodological framework. During the development process, these guidelines were submitted for technical review and public review. The purpose is to strengthen the advice provided and ensure it meets the needs of those seeking to improve nutrient use efficiency and environmental performance through sound assessment practice. This document is not intended to remain static. It will be updated and improved as the sector evolves and more stakeholders become involved in the LEAP, and as new methodological frameworks and data become available. The guidelines developed by the LEAP Partnership gain strength because they represent a multi-actor coordinated cross-sectoral and international effort to harmonize assessment approaches. Ideally, the harmonization leads to greater understanding, transparent application and communication of metrics, and, not least, real and measurable improvement in environmental performance.

Evaluation of Water Productivity of Plant Production and Livestock Production in an Experimental Watershed Located in Southern Brazil

2023*
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Release : 2023*
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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Water Productivity of Plant Production and Livestock Production in an Experimental Watershed Located in Southern Brazil by : Sofia Helena Zanella Carra

Download or read book Evaluation of Water Productivity of Plant Production and Livestock Production in an Experimental Watershed Located in Southern Brazil written by Sofia Helena Zanella Carra. This book was released on 2023*. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Englische Version: Water shortages caused by persistent and severe droughts and changes in rainfall patterns are expected to be more frequent and intense due to climate change, increasing water competition and posing food production at risk. Therefore, sustainable and resilient food systems are needed to meet the demand of a growing population. Plant production and animal husbandry account for 72% of the water withdrawn worldwide. Most water consumed in livestock production is for animal feed production. Water is also needed to provide drinking water and to clean and cool the stables. In this context, increasing agriculture and livestock water productivity (WP) is crucial, along with integrated management and governance of water resources. WP describes the ratio of output (e.g. kg milk) to water input (e.g. m3 evapotranspiration). Water input includes direct (e.g. water intake) and indirect (e.g., water for purchased feed) water use. WP calculations are used primarily in evaluating agricultural measures to improve rainfall and technical WP in livestock and crop production. Consistent methods are needed to increase WP and also to reduce the water-related environmental impact of livestock systems. Recently, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), through the Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance (LEAP) Partnership, launched reference guidelines for assessing water use in livestock production systems and supply chains. The FAO LEAP guidelines aim to understand the water flows on a farm scale and evaluate the contribution of livestock activities to water scarcity, supporting the identification of opportunities to reduce the potential water use impacts in this sector. This cumulative thesis presents the results of the first application of the FAO LEAP guidelines on farms located in Brazil. Three original publications were published in peer-reviewed journals. [...].

Tackling Climate Change Through Livestock

2013 Technology & Engineering
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Release : 2013
Genre : Technology & Engineering
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 20X/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Tackling Climate Change Through Livestock by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Tackling Climate Change Through Livestock written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. This book was released on 2013. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greenhouse gas emissions by the livestock sector could be cut by as much as 30 percent through the wider use of existing best practices and technologies. FAO conducted a detailed analysis of GHG emissions at multiple stages of various livestock supply chains, including the production and transport of animal feed, on-farm energy use, emissions from animal digestion and manure decay, as well as the post-slaughter transport, refrigeration and packaging of animal products. This report represents the most comprehensive estimate made to-date of livestocks contribution to global warming as well as the sectors potential to help tackle the problem. This publication is aimed at professionals in food and agriculture as well as policy makers.

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