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Transgenic Drosophila as a Drugscreening Tool in Multiple Cancers

2017
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Release : 2017
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Book Synopsis Transgenic Drosophila as a Drugscreening Tool in Multiple Cancers by : John Rozehnal

Download or read book Transgenic Drosophila as a Drugscreening Tool in Multiple Cancers written by John Rozehnal. This book was released on 2017. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: The selection of appropriate anticancer drugs in patients is a great challenge in cancer treatment. As medicine seeks to understand the difference between the “average” tumor and a tumor in an individual patient, there is great uncertainty regarding the effect of particular genes and drugs that target them. Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster has been proposed as a rapid and efficient system in which to generate a reliable model of an individual tumor and phenotypic screen for effective drugs. Such screens can potentially lead to the identification of a molecule that modifies a cancer phenotype by acting on a previously undescribed target or by acting simultaneously on more than one target.Methods: 97 Patients were assessed for genomic and clinical data. 12 patients had tumor genetics analyzed and models created that comprised driver mutations. 3 models were attempted in Drosophila and tested against 19 anticancer drugs.Results: 1 of 3 models was technically successful and advanced to drug screening. 5 drugs (gemcitabine, trametinib, crizotinib, doxorubicin, docetaxel) were predicted by the model to be effective against that particular cancer. However, neither of the two drugs used in the corresponding patient were predicted to be successful.Conclusions: While this project was unable to concretely validate the Drosophila modeling approach by accurately predicting treatment outcomes. I was able to develop and advance methods to predict the effects of a gene within a tumor and to develop one complete Drosophila model that responded to anticancer drugs in a dose-dependent manner. Further research is needed to assess the predictive value of these models.

The Nature of Nutrition

2012-07-22 Medical
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Release : 2012-07-22
Genre : Medical
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 652/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Nature of Nutrition by : Stephen J. Simpson

Download or read book The Nature of Nutrition written by Stephen J. Simpson. This book was released on 2012-07-22. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition has long been considered more the domain of medicine and agriculture than of the biological sciences, yet it touches and shapes all aspects of the natural world. The need for nutrients determines whether wild animals thrive, how populations evolve and decline, and how ecological communities are structured. 'The Nature of Nutrition' addresses nutrition's enormously complex role in biology, both at the level of individual organisms and in their broader ecological interactions.

The Drosophila Model in Cancer

2019-09-13 Medical
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Release : 2019-09-13
Genre : Medical
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 293/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Drosophila Model in Cancer by : Wu-Min Deng

Download or read book The Drosophila Model in Cancer written by Wu-Min Deng. This book was released on 2019-09-13. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a series of review articles that capture the advances in using the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, model system to address a wide range of cancer-related topics. Articles in this book provide case studies that shed light on the intricate cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tumor formation and progression. Readers will discover the beauty of the fly model’s genetic simplicity and the vast arsenal of powerful genetic tools enabling its efficient and adaptable use. This model organism has provided a unique opportunity to address questions regarding cancer initiation and development that would be extremely challenging in other model systems. This book provides a useful resource for a researcher who wishes to learn about and apply the Drosophila model to tackle fundamental questions in cancer biology, and to find new ways to fight against this devastating disease.

Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment

2000-12-21 Nature
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Release : 2000-12-21
Genre : Nature
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 864/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment by : National Research Council

Download or read book Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by National Research Council. This book was released on 2000-12-21. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.

Epigenetic Therapy of Cancer

2013-12-12 Medical
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Release : 2013-12-12
Genre : Medical
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 048/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Epigenetic Therapy of Cancer by : Michael Lübbert

Download or read book Epigenetic Therapy of Cancer written by Michael Lübbert. This book was released on 2013-12-12. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing knowledge about disturbances of epigenetic gene regulation in hematopoietic stem cell disorders is now being translated into treatment approaches that target the epigenetic defects pharmacologically. This book first presents the latest evidence regarding the epigenetic regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and hemoglobin production. The significance of DNA methylation abnormalities in hematopoietic disorders and of epigenetic disturbances in lung cancer and other solid tumors is then discussed. A major part of the book, however, relates specifically to the translation of basic research and drug development to clinical applications, and in this context both present and future clinical strategies are considered. Individual chapters are devoted to the use of DNA hypomethylating agents and chromatin-modifying agents, and the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors by means of epigenetic agents is discussed in detail.

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