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Author : Manca Fifnja
Release : 2022
Genre :
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis ǂThe ǂstratospheric Polar Vortex Under Future Climate Change Scenarios by : Manca Fifnja
Download or read book ǂThe ǂstratospheric Polar Vortex Under Future Climate Change Scenarios written by Manca Fifnja. This book was released on 2022. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Release : 2019
Genre : Climatic changes
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Stratospheric Polar Vortex Variability in the Northern Hemisphere by :
Download or read book Stratospheric Polar Vortex Variability in the Northern Hemisphere written by . This book was released on 2019. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regions that have experienced recent successive cold winters such as the Northeast of North America and Siberia have endured critical social and economic impacts from anomalous low temperatures in recent years, despite warming global temperatures. It is well known that the Tropospheric Polar Vortex (TPV), or jet stream, is a primary influence on many mid-latitude winter weather patterns. However, the strong circumpolar westerlies that maximize at around 60° latitude just above the tropopause, known as the Stratospheric Polar Vortex (SPV), can affect tropospheric circulation and thus winter weather in the Northern Hemisphere. Strong upward propagating waves can affect the geographic extent and strength of the SPV resulting in a weakened polar vortex state, which can in turn bring persistent weather events to the mid-latitudes. Here, an index of SPV spatiotemporal variability is presented using observation based analysis of zonal wind and geopotential height to show changes in SPV behavior at a seasonal scale from 1950-2018. Utilizing the CMIP5 suite of global climate models, historical and projected simulations of the SPV's climatological extent and strength are analyzed from 1915 to the end of this century, taking into account models with enhanced stratospheric representation. Simulated results are largely consistent with trends in the observational data, which suggest continued increases in average SPV size throughout this century. If future SPV disturbances increase in frequency, there could be negative impacts in ecosystem and agricultural health, infrastructure damage, and to human safety. A more advanced understanding of SPV trends and anomalous events could improve forecasts of cold air outbreaks (CAOs) and severe or persistent winter weather.
Author : PLUMB
Release : 2013-11-21
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 256/5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Middle Atmosphere by : PLUMB
Download or read book Middle Atmosphere written by PLUMB. This book was released on 2013-11-21. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PAGEOPH, stratosphere, these differences provide us with new evidence, interpretation of which can materially help to advance our understanding of stratospheric dynamics in general. It is now weil established that smaller-scale motions-in particular gravity waves and turbulence-are of fundamental importance in the general circulation of the mesosphere; they seem to be similarly, if less spectacularly, significant in the troposphere, and probably also in the stratosphere. Our understanding of these motions, their effects on the mean circulation and their mutual interactions is progressing rapidly, as is weil illustrated by the papers in this issue; there are reports of observational studies, especially with new instruments such as the Japanese MV radar, reviews of the state of theory, a laboratory study and an analysis of gravity waves and their effects in the high resolution "SKYHI" general circulation model. There are good reasons to suspect that gravity waves may be of crucial significance in making the stratospheric circulation the way it is (modeling experience being one suggestive piece of evidence for this). Direct observational proof has thus far been prevented by the difficulty of making observations of such scales of motion in this region; in one study reported here, falling sphere observations are used to obtain information on the structure and intensity of waves in the upper stratosphere.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Release : 2016-07-28
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 979/5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. This book was released on 2016-07-28. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As climate has warmed over recent years, a new pattern of more frequent and more intense weather events has unfolded across the globe. Climate models simulate such changes in extreme events, and some of the reasons for the changes are well understood. Warming increases the likelihood of extremely hot days and nights, favors increased atmospheric moisture that may result in more frequent heavy rainfall and snowfall, and leads to evaporation that can exacerbate droughts. Even with evidence of these broad trends, scientists cautioned in the past that individual weather events couldn't be attributed to climate change. Now, with advances in understanding the climate science behind extreme events and the science of extreme event attribution, such blanket statements may not be accurate. The relatively young science of extreme event attribution seeks to tease out the influence of human-cause climate change from other factors, such as natural sources of variability like El Niño, as contributors to individual extreme events. Event attribution can answer questions about how much climate change influenced the probability or intensity of a specific type of weather event. As event attribution capabilities improve, they could help inform choices about assessing and managing risk, and in guiding climate adaptation strategies. This report examines the current state of science of extreme weather attribution, and identifies ways to move the science forward to improve attribution capabilities.
Author : Virginia Loh-Hagan
Release : 2022
Genre : Juvenile Nonfiction
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 635/5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Polar Vortex by : Virginia Loh-Hagan
Download or read book Polar Vortex written by Virginia Loh-Hagan. This book was released on 2022. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The events surrounding the 2014 polar vortex did not look the same to everyone involved. Readers can step back in time and into the shoes of a college student, a New Yorker, and a coal miner as readers act out scenes and compare and contrast various perspectives. Written with simplified, considerate text to help struggling readers, books in this series are made to build confidence as readers engage and read aloud. Includes a table of contents, glossary, index, author biography, sidebars, and timeline.
