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The Landscape of Relativistic Stellar Explosions

2022-11-07 Science
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Release : 2022-11-07
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 677/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Landscape of Relativistic Stellar Explosions by : Anna Y. Q. Ho

Download or read book The Landscape of Relativistic Stellar Explosions written by Anna Y. Q. Ho. This book was released on 2022-11-07. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis reports the discovery of relativistic stellar explosions outside of the gamma ray band, using optical time domain surveys. It is well known that some massive stars end their lives with the formation of a compact object (a neutron star or black hole) that launches a relativistic jet detectable from earth as a burst of gamma rays. It has long been suspected, however, that gamma ray bursts are only the tip of the iceberg in a broad landscape of relativistic explosions, and so the results presented in this thesis represent a major breakthrough. Highlights of this thesis include: characterization of the first major new class of relativistic explosions in a decade; the discovery of abrupt end-of-life mass-loss in a surprisingly diverse range of stars; and the routine discovery of afterglow emission and several events that may represent baryonically dirty jets or jets viewed slightly off axis. These discoveries necessitated the solution of difficult technical challenges such as the identification of rare and fleeting “needles” in a vast haystack of time-varying phenomena in the night sky, and responding to discoveries within hours to obtain data across the electromagnetic spectrum from X-rays to radio wavelengths.

Stellar Explosions

2016-01-05 Science
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Release : 2016-01-05
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 088/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Stellar Explosions by : Jordi Jose

Download or read book Stellar Explosions written by Jordi Jose. This book was released on 2016-01-05. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stars are the main factories of element production in the universe through a suite of complex and intertwined physical processes. Such stellar alchemy is driven by multiple nuclear interactions that through eons have transformed the pristine, metal-poor ashes leftover by the Big Bang into a cosmos with 100 distinct chemical species. The products of

The Many Facets of Cosmic Explosions

2007-10 Mathematics
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Release : 2007-10
Genre : Mathematics
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 779/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Many Facets of Cosmic Explosions by : Alicia Soderberg

Download or read book The Many Facets of Cosmic Explosions written by Alicia Soderberg. This book was released on 2007-10. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few years, long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), including the subclass of X-ray flashes (XRFs), have been revealed to be a rare variety of Type Ibc supernova (SN Ibc). While all these events result from the death of massive stars, the electromagnetic luminosities of GRBs and XRFs exceed those of ordinary Type Ibc SNe by many orders of magnitude. The observed diversity of stellar death corresponds to large variations in the energy, velocity, and geometry of the explosion ejecta. Using multi-wavelength (radio, optical, X-ray) observations of the nearest GRBs, XRFs, and SNe Ibc, I show that GRBs and XRFs couple at least 1048 erg to relativistic material while SNe Ibc typically couple less than 1048 erg to their fastest (albeit non-relativistic) outflows. Specifically, I find that less than 3 percent of local SNe Ibc show any evidence for association with a GRB or XRF. Interestingly, this dichotomy is not echoed by the properties of their optical SN emission, dominated by the radioactive decay of Nickel-56; I find that GRBs, XRFs, and SNe Ibc show significant overlap in their optical peak luminosity and photospheric velocities. Recently, I identified a new class of GRBs and XRFs that are under-luminous in comparison with the statistical sample of GRBs. Owing to their faint high-energy emission, these sub-energetic bursts are only detectable nearby (z

Gamma-Ray Bursts

2009-03-20 Science
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Release : 2009-03-20
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 88X/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Gamma-Ray Bursts by : Gilbert Vedrenne

Download or read book Gamma-Ray Bursts written by Gilbert Vedrenne. This book was released on 2009-03-20. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since their discovery was first announced in 1973, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been among the most fascination objects in the universe. While the initial mystery has gone, the fascination continues, sustained by the close connection linking GRBs with some of the most fundamental topics in modern astrophysics and cosmology. Both authors have been active in GRB observations for over two decades and have produced an outstanding account on both the history and the perspectives of GRB research.

The Big Bang And Other Explosions In Nuclear And Particle Astrophysics

1996-06-13 Science
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Release : 1996-06-13
Genre : Science
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Book Rating : 379/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Big Bang And Other Explosions In Nuclear And Particle Astrophysics by : David N Schramm

Download or read book The Big Bang And Other Explosions In Nuclear And Particle Astrophysics written by David N Schramm. This book was released on 1996-06-13. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of important papers by one the world's leading astrophysicists provides a sweeping survey of the incisive and exciting applications of nuclear and particle physics to a wide range of problems in astrophysics and cosmology.The prime focus of the book is on Big Bang cosmology and the role of primordial nucleosynthesis in establishing the modern consensus on the Big Bang. This leads into the connection of cosmology to particle physics and the constraints put on various elementary particles by astrophysical arguments. Big Bang Nucleosynthesis has also led to the argument for nonbaryonic dark matter and is thus related to the major problem in physical cosmology today, namely, structure formation. The nuclear-particle interface with astrophysics also extends to the other topics of major interest such as the age of the universe, cosmic rays, supernovae, and solar neutrinos, each of which will be discussed in some detail. Each section contains historical papers, current papers, and frequently a popular article on the subject which provides an overview of the topic.This volume is testimony to the success of the integration of nuclear and particle physics with astrophysics and cosmology, and to the ingenuity of the work in this area which has earned the author numerous prestigious awards. The book, which is accessible to beginning graduate students, should be of particular interest to researchers and students in astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology and gravitation, and also in high energy and nuclear physics.

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