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The Critical Mass in Collective Action

1993-03-26 Philosophy
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Release : 1993-03-26
Genre : Philosophy
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 399/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Critical Mass in Collective Action by : Gerald Marwell

Download or read book The Critical Mass in Collective Action written by Gerald Marwell. This book was released on 1993-03-26. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of collective action is that each group member wants other members to make necessary sacrifices while he or she 'free rides', reaping the benefits of collective action without doing the work. Therefore, no one does the work and the common interest is not realized. This book analyses the social pressure whereby groups solve the problem of collective action.

The Critical Mass in Collective Action

2007-11-01 Philosophy
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Release : 2007-11-01
Genre : Philosophy
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 550/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Critical Mass in Collective Action by : Gerald Marwell

Download or read book The Critical Mass in Collective Action written by Gerald Marwell. This book was released on 2007-11-01. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of collective action is that each member of a group wants other members to make necessary sacrifices while he or she "free rides," reaping the benefits of collective action without doing the work. Inevitably the end result is that no one does the work and the common interest is not realized. This book analyzes the social pressure whereby groups solve the problem of collective action. The authors break new ground in showing that the problem of collective action requires a model of group process and cannot be deduced from simple models of individual behavior. They employ formal mathematical models to emphasize the role of small subgroups of especially motivated individuals who form the "critical mass" that sets collective action in motion.

Leading from the Periphery and Network Collective Action

2017-02-17 Political Science
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Release : 2017-02-17
Genre : Political Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 885/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Leading from the Periphery and Network Collective Action by : Navid Hassanpour

Download or read book Leading from the Periphery and Network Collective Action written by Navid Hassanpour. This book was released on 2017-02-17. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political revolutions, economic meltdowns, mass ideological conversions and collective innovation adoptions occur often, but when they do happen, they tend to be the least expected. Based on the paradigm of 'leading from the periphery', this groundbreaking analysis offers an explanation for such spontaneity and apparent lack of leadership in contentious collective action. Contrary to existing theories, the author argues that network effects in collective action originating from marginal leaders can benefit from a total lack of communication. Such network effects persist in isolated islands of contention instead of overarching action cascades, and are shown to escalate in globally dispersed, but locally concentrated networks of contention. This is a trait that can empower marginal leaders and set forth social dynamics distinct from those originating in the limelight. Leading from the Periphery and Network Collective Action provides evidence from two Middle Eastern uprisings, as well as behavioral experiments of collective risk-taking in social networks.

Critical Mass in Collective Action

2023
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Release : 2023
Genre :
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Critical Mass in Collective Action by : Boris Ginzburg

Download or read book Critical Mass in Collective Action written by Boris Ginzburg. This book was released on 2023. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a laboratory experiment, we study the incentives of individuals to contribute to a public good that is provided if and only if the fraction of contributors reaches a certain threshold. We jointly vary the size of the group, the cost of contributing, the required threshold, and the framing of contributions (giving to the common pool, or not taking from the common pool). We find that a higher threshold makes individuals more likely to contribute. The effect is strong enough that in a small group, making the required threshold higher increases the probability that the public good is provided. In larger groups, however, the effect disappears. At the same time, we do not find a consistent effect of framing on the probability of contributing or on the likelihood of success.

Critical Mass

2006-05-16 Political Science
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Release : 2006-05-16
Genre : Political Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 834/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Critical Mass by : Philip Ball

Download or read book Critical Mass written by Philip Ball. This book was released on 2006-05-16. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are there any "laws of nature" that influence the ways in which humans behave and organize themselves? In the seventeenth century, tired of the civil war ravaging England, Thomas Hobbes decided that he would work out what kind of government was needed for a stable society. His approach was based not on utopian wishful thinking but rather on Galileo's mechanics to construct a theory of government from first principles. His solution is unappealing to today's society, yet Hobbes had sparked a new way of thinking about human behavior in looking for the "scientific" rules of society. Adam Smith, Immanuel Kant, Auguste Comte, and John Stuart Mill pursued this idea from different political perspectives. Little by little, however, social and political philosophy abandoned a "scientific" approach. Today, physics is enjoying a revival in the social, political and economic sciences. Ball shows how much we can understand of human behavior when we cease to try to predict and analyze the behavior of individuals and instead look to the impact of individual decisions-whether in circumstances of cooperation or conflict-can have on our laws, institutions and customs. Lively and compelling, Critical Mass is the first book to bring these new ideas together and to show how they fit within the broader historical context of a rational search for better ways to live.

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