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Spatial Competition, Conflict and Cooperation

2003 Intergovernmental fiscal relations
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Release : 2003
Genre : Intergovernmental fiscal relations
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Spatial Competition, Conflict and Cooperation by : Robert D. Dietz

Download or read book Spatial Competition, Conflict and Cooperation written by Robert D. Dietz. This book was released on 2003. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This dissertation contributes to the study of the economics of strategic interactions through the examination of four distinct but thematically related investigations of spatial competition, conflict and cooperation. A spatial accounting, whether conceptualized as local interactions, neighborhood effects, externalities, or other locally defined phenomena, increases the detail used to examine the decisions of economic agents. The first essay examines the theoretical conditions in which spheres of influence form in games of spatial conflict. The term sphere of influence is defined for nation-state competition. Spheres of influence form in non-cooperative games of strategic complements if the contact between the rivals is repeated in both spatial and temporal contexts. The constraints on global cooperation are eased by the ability to form spheres, which allow the nation-states to avoid exhaustive conflict within individual spatial competitions. Employing this sphere of influence model, the second essay develops a theory of cooperative tax strategies to reexamine the problem of local tax competition. Cooperative tax polices assume the form of either uniform or differentiated taxation on local capital. Contrary to previous findings, differentiated taxation of capital may generate higher community welfare, as well as increased resistance to defection from cooperative policy regimes. A spatial econometric examination of state-level local taxation is consistent with these theoretical propositions. The third essay examines another form of spatial competition: defense spending by nation-states. Two theoretical models are developed in this paper: a two-period dyadic rivalry model and an alliance and hegemonic defense provision model. Spatial econometric testing of the model indicates evidence for U.S. hegemonic behavior, but an underlying rivalry in defense expenditure and armed forces for all other nation-states. The final essay also employs the sphere of influence model to study the lack of competitive elections for the U.S. Congress. So-called sweetheart gerrymandering is demonstrated to be the result of bipartisan efforts to allocate voters by political preferences in order to reduce electoral competition within congressional districts. The adoption of these strategies increases the number of party loyalists, reduces bipartisan legislative coalitions, increases the risk associated with the legislative process, but does not change the expected legislative output of Congress.

Crowded Orbits

2024-01-30 Political Science
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Release : 2024-01-30
Genre : Political Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 799/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Crowded Orbits by : James Clay Moltz

Download or read book Crowded Orbits written by James Clay Moltz. This book was released on 2024-01-30. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space has become increasingly crowded since the turn of the century, as a growing number of countries, companies, and even private citizens have begun operating satellites and become spacefarers. Crowded Orbits offers readers a valuable primer on space policy from an international perspective, examining technology, diplomacy, commerce, science, and military applications. This second edition is thoroughly updated to cover events of the decade following the book’s original publication in 2014, when the pace of the competition to exploit space has accelerated dramatically. James Clay Moltz examines the ongoing tension between competition and cooperation in space, tracing the geopolitical and policy consequences of key developments. Drawing on decades of experience, he considers possible avenues for collaboration among the growing number of actors as well as the forces driving potential space-related conflicts. Moltz examines the challenges to existing treaties and other governance mechanisms that have struggled to keep up with the spread of technology. He provides policy recommendations to enhance international collaboration, further scientific exploration, and restrain harmful military activities. This edition features analysis of a range of topics, including the ongoing commercialization of space by SpaceX, Planet, and other start-up companies; new capabilities to monitor Earth from space; renewed tensions between the United States and rivals China and Russia in military activities; and emerging multinational competition on the Moon.

Approaches to Future Space Cooperation and Competition in a Globalizing World

2009-06-23 Science
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Release : 2009-06-23
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 625/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Approaches to Future Space Cooperation and Competition in a Globalizing World by : National Research Council

Download or read book Approaches to Future Space Cooperation and Competition in a Globalizing World written by National Research Council. This book was released on 2009-06-23. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous countries and regions now have very active space programs, and the number is increasing. These maturing capabilities around the world create a plethora of potential partners for cooperative space endeavors, while at the same time heightening competitiveness in the international space arena. This book summarizes a public workshop held in November 2008 for the purpose of reviewing past and present cooperation, coordination, and competition mechanisms for space and Earth science research and space exploration; identifying significant lessons learned; and discussing how those lessons could best be applied in the future, particularly in the areas of cooperation and collaboration. Presentations and initial discussion focused on past and present experiences in international cooperation and competition to identify "lessons learned." Those lessons learned were then used as the starting point for subsequent discussions on the most effective ways for structuring future cooperation or coordination in space and Earth science research and space exploration. The goal of the workshop was not to develop a specific model for future cooperation or coordination, but rather to explore the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches and stimulate further deliberation on this important topic.

Privatizing Peace

2020-06-15 Science
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Release : 2020-06-15
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 428/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Privatizing Peace by : Wendy N. Whitman Cobb

Download or read book Privatizing Peace written by Wendy N. Whitman Cobb. This book was released on 2020-06-15. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the privatization of space and its global impact on the future of commerce, peace and conflict. As space becomes more congested, contested, and competitive in the government and the private arenas, the talk around space research moves past NASA’s monopoly on academic and cultural imaginations to discuss how Elon Musk’s SpaceX and Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin is making space "cool" again. This volume addresses the new rhetoric of space race and weaponization, with a focus on how the costs of potential conflict in space would discourage open conflict and enable global cooperation. It highlights the increasing dependence of the global economy on space research, its democratization, plunging costs of access, and growing economic potential of space-based assets. Thoughtful, nuanced, well-documented, this book is a must read for scholars and researchers of science and technology studies, space studies, political studies, sociology, environmental studies, and political economy. It will also be of much interest to policymakers, bureaucrats, think tanks, as well as the interested general reader looking for fresh perspectives on the future of space.

Conflict and Cooperation in National Competition for High-Technology Industry

1996-10-15 Political Science
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Release : 1996-10-15
Genre : Political Science
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Book Rating : 518/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Conflict and Cooperation in National Competition for High-Technology Industry by : National Research Council

Download or read book Conflict and Cooperation in National Competition for High-Technology Industry written by National Research Council. This book was released on 1996-10-15. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique volume contains a powerful set of recommendations on issues at the center of international discussions on investment, trade, and technology policy. They take into account the globalization of industrial activity and the special characteristics of high-technology industries while recognizing the continued policy role of national governments. The book identifies the rationale for promotional measures for high-technology industries, delineates sources of friction among the leading industrial countries, and proposes policies to enhance international cooperation and strengthen the multilateral trading regime. This volume also examines the factors driving collaboration among otherwise competing firms and national programs, highlights the need to develop principles of equitable public and private international cooperation, and emphasizes the linkage between investment, government procurement, and other trade policies and prospects for enhanced international cooperation.

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