Antibiotic Resistance

2009 Drug resistance in microorganisms

Author : Adriel R. Bonilla
Release : 2009
Genre : Drug resistance in microorganisms
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Antibiotic Resistance by : Adriel R. Bonilla

Download or read book Antibiotic Resistance written by Adriel R. Bonilla. This book was released on 2009. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibiotic resistance is the ability of a micro-organism to withstand the effects of antibiotics. There are three mechanisms that can cause antibiotic resistance: prevention of interaction of drug with target, decreased uptake due to either an increased efflux or a decreased influx of the antimicrobial agent and enzymatic modification or destruction of the compound. In the past couple years, antibiotic resistance has become an increasing public health concern. Tuberculosis, gonorrhoea, malaria and childhood ear infections are just a few of the diseases that have become hard to treat with antibiotic drugs. This book addresses the concern that over the past few years, there has been a major rise in resistance to antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria. New antibacterial drugs with novel modes of actions are urgently required in order to fight against infection. Novel antibiotics such as linezolid, carbapenem ertapenem, daptomycin and gemifloxacin are examined in this book. The genetic approaches used in risk assessment of antibiotic resistance dissemination are looked at as well. Furthermore, this book discusses the present studies on the use of veterinary antibiotics in agriculture, on the occurrence of antibiotic compounds and resistant bacteria in soil and water and clearly demonstrates the need for further studies.

Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment

2012-01-24 Science

Author : Patricia L. Keen
Release : 2012-01-24
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 425/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment by : Patricia L. Keen

Download or read book Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment written by Patricia L. Keen. This book was released on 2012-01-24. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines effects of the environmental distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes on human health and the ecosystem Resistance genes are everywhere in nature—in pathogens, commensals, and environmental microorganisms. This contributed work shows how the environment plays a pivotal role in the development of antimicrobial resistance traits in bacteria and the distribution of resistant microbial species, resistant genetic material, and antibiotic compounds. Readers will discover the impact of the distribution in the environment of antimicrobial resistance genes and antibiotics on both the ecosystem and human and animal health. Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment is divided into four parts: Part I, Sources, including ecological and clinical consequences of antibiotic resistance by environmental microbes Part II, Fate, including strategies to assess and minimize the biological risk of antibiotic resistance in the environment Part III, Antimicrobial Substances and Resistance, including antibiotics in the aquatic environment Part IV, Effects and Risks, including the effect of antimicrobials used for non-human purposes on human health Recognizing the intricate links among overlapping complex systems, this book examines antimicrobial resistance using a comprehensive ecosystem approach. Moreover, the book's multidisciplinary framework applies principles of microbiology, environmental toxicology, and chemistry to assess the human and ecological risks associated with exposure to antibiotics or antibiotic resistance genes that are environmental contaminants. Each chapter has been written by one or more leading researchers in such fields as microbiology, environmental science, ecology, and toxicology. Comprehensive reference lists at the end of all chapters serve as a gateway to the primary research in the field. Presenting and analyzing the latest findings in a field of growing importance to human and environmental health, this text offers readers new insights into the role of the environment in antimicrobial resistance development, the dissemination of antimicrobial resistant genetic elements, and the transport of antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotics.

Extending the Cure

2010-09-30 Medical

Author : Ramanan Professor Laxminarayan
Release : 2010-09-30
Genre : Medical
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 591/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Extending the Cure by : Ramanan Professor Laxminarayan

Download or read book Extending the Cure written by Ramanan Professor Laxminarayan. This book was released on 2010-09-30. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our ability to treat common bacterial infections with antibiotics goes back only 65 years. However, the authors of this report make it clear that sustaining a supply of effective and affordable antibiotics cannot be without changes to the incentives facing patients, physicians, hospitals, insurers, and pharmaceutical manufacturers. In fact, increasing resistance to these drugs is already exacting a terrible price. Every day in the United States, approximately 172 men, women, and children die from infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospitals alone. Beyond those deaths, antibiotic resistance is costing billions of dollars through prolonged hospital stays and the need for doctors to resort to ever more costly drugs to use as substitute treatments. Extending the Cure presents the problem of antibiotic resistance as a conflict between individual decision makers and their short-term interest and the interest of society as a whole, in both present and future: The effort that doctors make to please each patient by prescribing a drug when it might not be properly indicated, poor monitoring of discharged patients to ensure that they do not transmit drug-resistant pathogens to other persons, excesses in the marketing of new antibiotics, and the broad overuse of antibiotics all contribute to the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The book explores a range of policy options that would encourage patients, health care providers, and managed care organizations to serve as more responsible stewards of existing antibiotics as well as proposals that would give pharmaceutical firms greater incentives to develop new antibiotics and avoid overselling. If the problem continues unaddressed, antibiotic resistance has the potential to derail the health care system and return us to a world where people of all ages routinely die from simple infections. As a basis for future research and a spur to a critically important dialogue, Extending the Cure is a fundamental first step in addressing this public health crisis. The Extending the Cure project is funded in part by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation through its Pioneer Portfolio.

Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health

2021-08-21 Philosophy

Author : Euzebiusz Jamrozik
Release : 2021-08-21
Genre : Philosophy
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 762/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health by : Euzebiusz Jamrozik

Download or read book Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health written by Euzebiusz Jamrozik. This book was released on 2021-08-21. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access volume provides in-depth analysis of the wide range of ethical issues associated with drug-resistant infectious diseases. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is widely recognized to be one of the greatest threats to global public health in coming decades; and it has thus become a major topic of discussion among leading bioethicists and scholars from related disciplines including economics, epidemiology, law, and political theory. Topics covered in this volume include responsible use of antimicrobials; control of multi-resistant hospital-acquired infections; privacy and data collection; antibiotic use in childhood and at the end of life; agricultural and veterinary sources of resistance; resistant HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria; mandatory treatment; and trade-offs between current and future generations. As the first book focused on ethical issues associated with drug resistance, it makes a timely contribution to debates regarding practice and policy that are of crucial importance to global public health in the 21st century.

Popular eBooks

Antibiotic Resistance

Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment

Extending the Cure

Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health

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