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Reasons Without Persons

2015 Philosophy
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Release : 2015
Genre : Philosophy
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 597/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Reasons Without Persons by : Brian Hedden

Download or read book Reasons Without Persons written by Brian Hedden. This book was released on 2015. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brian Hedden defends a radical view about rationality, personal identity, and time. He argues that what it is rational to do should not depend on your past beliefs or actions, which are not part of your current perspective on the world. His impersonal approach holds that what rationality demands of you is solely determined by your evidence.

Reasons without Persons

2015-06-18 Philosophy
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Release : 2015-06-18
Genre : Philosophy
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 582/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Reasons without Persons by : Brian Hedden

Download or read book Reasons without Persons written by Brian Hedden. This book was released on 2015-06-18. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brian Hedden defends a radical view about the relationship between rationality, personal identity, and time. On the standard view, personal identity over time plays a central role in thinking about rationality. This is because, on the standard view, there are rational norms for how a person's attitudes and actions at one time should fit with her attitudes and actions at other times, norms that apply within a person but not across persons. But these norms are problematic. They make what you rationally ought to believe or do depend on facts about your past that aren't part of your current perspective on the world, and they make rationality depend on controversial, murky metaphysical facts about what binds different instantaneous snapshots (or 'time-slices') into a single person extended in time. Hedden takes a different approach, treating the relationship between different time-slices of the same person as no different from the relationship between different people. For purposes of rational evaluation, a temporally extended person is akin to a group of people. The locus of rationality is the time-slice rather than the temporally extended agent. Taking an impersonal, time-slice-centric approach to rationality yields a unified approach to the rationality of beliefs, preferences, and actions where what rationality demands of you is solely determined by your evidence, with no special weight given to your past beliefs or actions.

Reasons and Persons

1986-01-23 Philosophy
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Release : 1986-01-23
Genre : Philosophy
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 443/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Reasons and Persons by : Derek Parfit

Download or read book Reasons and Persons written by Derek Parfit. This book was released on 1986-01-23. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book challenges, with several powerful arguments, some of our deepest beliefs about rationality, morality, and personal identity. The author claims that we have a false view of our own nature; that it is often rational to act against our own best interests; that most of us have moral views that are directly self-defeating; and that, when we consider future generations the conclusions will often be disturbing. He concludes that moral non-religious moral philosophy is a young subject, with a promising but unpredictable future.

Reasons Without Rationalism

2010-07-21 Philosophy
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Release : 2010-07-21
Genre : Philosophy
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 527/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Reasons Without Rationalism by : Kieran Setiya

Download or read book Reasons Without Rationalism written by Kieran Setiya. This book was released on 2010-07-21. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern philosophy has been vexed by the question "Why should I be moral?" and by doubts about the rational authority of moral virtue. In Reasons without Rationalism, Kieran Setiya shows that these doubts rest on a mistake. The "should" of practical reason cannot be understood apart from the virtues of character, including such moral virtues as justice and benevolence, and the considerations to which the virtues make one sensitive thereby count as reasons to act. Proposing a new framework for debates about practical reason, Setiya argues that the only alternative to this "virtue theory" is a form of ethical rationalism in which reasons derive from the nature of intentional action. Despite its recent popularity, however, ethical rationalism is false. It wrongly assumes that we act "under the guise of the good," or it relies on dubious views about intention and motivation. It follows from the failure of rationalism that the virtue theory is true: we cannot be fully good without the perfection of practical reason, or have that perfection without being good. Addressing such topics as the psychology of virtue and the explanation of action, Reasons without Rationalism is essential reading for philosophers interested in ethics, rationality, or the philosophy of mind.

Derek Parfit’s Reasons and Persons

2020-02-12 Philosophy
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Release : 2020-02-12
Genre : Philosophy
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 948/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Derek Parfit’s Reasons and Persons by : Andrea Sauchelli

Download or read book Derek Parfit’s Reasons and Persons written by Andrea Sauchelli. This book was released on 2020-02-12. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derek Parfit (1942–2017) is widely considered to be one of the most important moral philosophers of the twentieth century. Reasons and Persons is arguably the most influential of the two books published in his lifetime and hailed as a classic work of ethics and personal identity. Derek Parfit’s Reasons and Persons: An Introduction and Critical Inquiry is an outstanding introduction to and assessment of Parfit’s book, with chapters by leading scholars of ethics, metaphysics and of Parfit’s work. Part I provides a much-needed introduction to key topics and themes in Reasons and Persons that will be useful for those new to Parfit’s complex work. These include Parfit’s idea of self-defeating theories, rationality and time, personal identity, future generations and well-being. Part II explores various debates generated by Reasons and Persons, including its connections with Buddhism, metaethics, theory of rationality, transformative choices and further developments in personal identity and metaphysics such as conativism. Combining clear exposition of the major topics and arguments in Reasons and Persons with scholarly perspectives on more advanced themes, this book is ideal for students of ethics, metaethics, metaphysics and anyone interested in Derek Parfit’s philosophy.

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