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Predation, Efficiency, and Inequality

1997 Consumption (Economics)
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Release : 1997
Genre : Consumption (Economics)
Kind : eBook
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Book Synopsis Predation, Efficiency, and Inequality by : Herschel I. Grossman

Download or read book Predation, Efficiency, and Inequality written by Herschel I. Grossman. This book was released on 1997. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the economic impact on consumption and distribution of resources of producers and predators (those who take the products of the producers).

Inequality, Predation and Welfare

1996 Equality
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Release : 1996
Genre : Equality
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Book Synopsis Inequality, Predation and Welfare by : Herschel Ivan Grossman

Download or read book Inequality, Predation and Welfare written by Herschel Ivan Grossman. This book was released on 1996. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the relation between inequality and welfare in a general- equilibrium model in which people can choose to be either producers or preda- tors. We assume some people (the privileged) are well endowed with human capital and other people (the unprivileged) are poorly endowed with human capital. We analyze how the choice of the privileged between deterring and tolerating predation by the unprivileged depends on the interpersonal distri- bution of human capital. We find that, if the number of unprivileged people is large, but a privileged person doesn't have too much human capital relative to an unprivileged person, then the privileged allocate enough time and effort to guarding against predation to deter the unprivileged from being predators. Otherwise, the privileged tolerate predation by the unprivileged. A distribu- tion of human capital that is more egalitarian in that the number of people who are unprivileged is smaller can result in the privileged choosing to tolerate rather than to deter predation by the unprivileged. Next, we partition the feasible distributions of human capital into sets of Pareto efficient and inefficient distributions. Interestingly, we find that if the average endowment of human capital is large, then the fully egalitarian distribution is not Pareto efficient. Instead, Pareto efficiency implies an unegalitarian distribution of human capital where each unprivileged person has only the endowment of human capital he had at birth. Also, this unegalitarian distribution satisfies the Rawlsian criterion of maximizing the consumption of the unprivileged. With this unegalitarian distribution the privileged tolerate predation by the unprivileged, which results in maximum consumption for all

Consumer-Resource Dynamics (MPB-36)

2013-02-15 Science
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Release : 2013-02-15
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 257/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Consumer-Resource Dynamics (MPB-36) by : William W. Murdoch

Download or read book Consumer-Resource Dynamics (MPB-36) written by William W. Murdoch. This book was released on 2013-02-15. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite often violent fluctuations in nature, species extinction is rare. California red scale, a potentially devastating pest of citrus, has been suppressed for fifty years in California to extremely low yet stable densities by its controlling parasitoid. Some larch budmoth populations undergo extreme cycles; others never cycle. In Consumer-Resource Dynamics, William Murdoch, Cherie Briggs, and Roger Nisbet use these and numerous other biological examples to lay the groundwork for a unifying theory applicable to predator-prey, parasitoid-host, and other consumer-resource interactions. Throughout, the focus is on how the properties of real organisms affect population dynamics. The core of the book synthesizes and extends the authors' own models involving insect parasitoids and their hosts, and explores in depth how consumer species compete for a dynamic resource. The emerging general consumer-resource theory accounts for how consumers respond to differences among individuals in the resource population. From here the authors move to other models of consumer-resource dynamics and population dynamics in general. Consideration of empirical examples, key concepts, and a necessary review of simple models is followed by examination of spatial processes affecting dynamics, and of implications for biological control of pest organisms. The book establishes the coherence and broad applicability of consumer-resource theory and connects it to single-species dynamics. It closes by stressing the theory's value as a hierarchy of models that allows both generality and testability in the field.

Anarchy Unbound

2014-04-14 Business & Economics
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Release : 2014-04-14
Genre : Business & Economics
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 80X/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Anarchy Unbound by : Peter T. Leeson

Download or read book Anarchy Unbound written by Peter T. Leeson. This book was released on 2014-04-14. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Anarchy Unbound, Peter T. Leeson uses rational choice theory to explore the benefits of self-governance. Relying on experience from the past and present, Professor Leeson provides evidence of anarchy "working" where it is least expected to do so and explains how this is possible. Provocatively, Leeson argues that in some cases anarchy may even outperform government as a system of social organization, and demonstrates where this may occur. Anarchy Unbound challenges the conventional self-governance wisdom. It showcases the incredible ingenuity of private individuals to secure social cooperation without government and how their surprising means of doing so can be superior to reliance on the state.

Inequality and Growth

2007-01-26 Business & Economics
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Release : 2007-01-26
Genre : Business & Economics
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Book Rating : 644/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Inequality and Growth by : Theo S. Eicher

Download or read book Inequality and Growth written by Theo S. Eicher. This book was released on 2007-01-26. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even minute increases in a country's growth rate can result in dramatic changes in living standards over just one generation. The benefits of growth, however, may not be shared equally. Some may gain less than others, and a fraction of the population may actually be disadvantaged. Recent economic research has found both positive and negative relationships between growth and inequality across nations. The questions raised by these results include: What is the impact on inequality of policies designed to foster growth? Does inequality by itself facilitate or detract from economic growth, and does it amplify or diminish policy effectiveness? This book provides a forum for economists to examine the theoretical, empirical, and policy issues involved in the relationship between growth and inequality. The aim is to develop a framework for determining the role of public policy in enhancing both growth and equality. The diverse range of topics, examined in both developed and developing countries, includes natural resources, taxation, fertility, redistribution, technological change, transition, labor markets, and education. A theme common to all the essays is the importance of education in reducing inequality and increasing growth.

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