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Potential Risks and Benefits of Gain-of-Function Research

2015-04-13 Science
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Release : 2015-04-13
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 867/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Potential Risks and Benefits of Gain-of-Function Research by : National Research Council

Download or read book Potential Risks and Benefits of Gain-of-Function Research written by National Research Council. This book was released on 2015-04-13. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On October 17, 2014, spurred by incidents at U.S. government laboratories that raised serious biosafety concerns, the United States government launched a one-year deliberative process to address the continuing controversy surrounding so-called "gain-of-function" (GOF) research on respiratory pathogens with pandemic potential. The gain of function controversy began in late 2011 with the question of whether to publish the results of two experiments involving H5N1 avian influenza and continued to focus on certain research with highly pathogenic avian influenza over the next three years. The heart of the U.S. process is an evaluation of the potential risks and benefits of certain types of GOF experiments with influenza, SARS, and MERS viruses that would inform the development and adoption of a new U.S. Government policy governing the funding and conduct of GOF research. Potential Risks and Benefits of Gain-of-Function Research is the summary of a two-day public symposia on GOF research. Convened in December 2014 by the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council, the main focus of this event was to discuss principles important for, and key considerations in, the design of risk and benefit assessments of GOF research. Participants examined the underlying scientific and technical questions that are the source of current discussion and debate over GOF research involving pathogens with pandemic potential. This report is a record of the presentations and discussion of the meeting.

Dual Use Research of Concern in the Life Sciences

2017-10-01 Science
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Release : 2017-10-01
Genre : Science
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Book Rating : 889/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Dual Use Research of Concern in the Life Sciences by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Dual Use Research of Concern in the Life Sciences written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. This book was released on 2017-10-01. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential misuse of advances in life sciences research is raising concerns about national security threats. Dual Use Research of Concern in the Life Sciences: Current Issues and Controversies examines the U.S. strategy for reducing biosecurity risks in life sciences research and considers mechanisms that would allow researchers to manage the dissemination of the results of research while mitigating the potential for harm to national security.

Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism

2004-03-02 Technology & Engineering
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Release : 2004-03-02
Genre : Technology & Engineering
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 778/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism by : National Research Council

Download or read book Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism written by National Research Council. This book was released on 2004-03-02. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years much has happened to justify an examination of biological research in light of national security concerns. The destructive application of biotechnology research includes activities such as spreading common pathogens or transforming them into even more lethal forms. Policymakers and the scientific community at large must put forth a vigorous and immediate response to this challenge. This new book by the National Research Council recommends that the government expand existing regulations and rely on self-governance by scientists rather than adopt intrusive new policies. One key recommendation of the report is that the government should not attempt to regulate scientific publishing but should trust scientists and journals to screen their papers for security risks, a task some journals have already taken up. With biological information and tools widely distributed, regulating only U.S. researchers would have little effect. A new International Forum on Biosecurity should encourage the adoption of similar measures around the world. Seven types of risky studies would require approval by the Institutional Biosafety Committees that already oversee recombinant DNA research at some 400 U.S. institutions. These "experiments of concern" include making an infectious agent more lethal and rendering vaccines powerless.

Potential Risks and Benefits of Gain-of-function Research

2015 Electronic books
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Release : 2015
Genre : Electronic books
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 806/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Potential Risks and Benefits of Gain-of-function Research by :

Download or read book Potential Risks and Benefits of Gain-of-function Research written by . This book was released on 2015. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Perspectives on Research with H5N1 Avian Influenza

2013-04-04 Medical
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Release : 2013-04-04
Genre : Medical
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 781/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Perspectives on Research with H5N1 Avian Influenza by : National Research Council

Download or read book Perspectives on Research with H5N1 Avian Influenza written by National Research Council. This book was released on 2013-04-04. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When, in late 2011, it became public knowledge that two research groups had submitted for publication manuscripts that reported on their work on mammalian transmissibility of a lethal H5N1 avian influenza strain, the information caused an international debate about the appropriateness and communication of the researchers' work, the risks associated with the work, partial or complete censorship of scientific publications, and dual-use research of concern in general. Recognizing that the H5N1 research is only the most recent scientific activity subject to widespread attention due to safety and security concerns, on May 1, 2012, the National Research Council's Committee on Science, Technology and Law, in conjunction with the Board on Life Sciences and the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Microbial Threats, convened a one-day public workshop for the purposes of 1) discussing the H5N1 controversy; 2) considering responses by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), which had funded this research, the World Health Organization, the U.S. National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB), scientific publishers, and members of the international research community; and 3) providing a forum wherein the concerns and interests of the broader community of stakeholders, including policy makers, biosafety and biosecurity experts, non-governmental organizations, international organizations, and the general public might be articulated. Perspectives on Research with H5N1 Avian Influenza: Scientific Enquiry, Communication, Controversy summarizes the proceedings of the workshop.

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