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Physico-chemical Characterization of Size-selected Internal Combustion Engine Nanoparticles and Original Method for Measuring Adsorption Energies on Carbonaceous Surfaces by Laser Mass Spectrometry

2020
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Release : 2020
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Book Synopsis Physico-chemical Characterization of Size-selected Internal Combustion Engine Nanoparticles and Original Method for Measuring Adsorption Energies on Carbonaceous Surfaces by Laser Mass Spectrometry by : Dumitru Duca

Download or read book Physico-chemical Characterization of Size-selected Internal Combustion Engine Nanoparticles and Original Method for Measuring Adsorption Energies on Carbonaceous Surfaces by Laser Mass Spectrometry written by Dumitru Duca. This book was released on 2020. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emission of carbonaceous aerosols by combustion-powered ground transport vehicles has a major impact on both global climate and human health. Intensive research efforts are dedicated to the development of robust procedures able to reliably measure particles as small as 10 nm in real-driving conditions, as current European Union regulations are limited to 23 nm. Within the H2020 PEMS4Nano project, we performed detailed physico-chemical characterization of size-selected particulate matter emitted by a gasoline direct injection engine. This included chemical characterization performed with mass spectrometry as well as structural/morphology data obtained with electron and atomic force microscopy together with Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. In addition, to gain insight into the interaction between the carbonaceous surface and adsorbed compounds, a novel laser-based method for determining the adsorption energy of chemical species on carbonaceous surfaces was developed.

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL DYNAMICS OF NANOPARTICLE FORMATION DURING LASER DECONTAMINATION AND CHARACTERIZATION.

2003
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Release : 2003
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Book Synopsis PHYSICO-CHEMICAL DYNAMICS OF NANOPARTICLE FORMATION DURING LASER DECONTAMINATION AND CHARACTERIZATION. by : Meng-Dawn Cheng

Download or read book PHYSICO-CHEMICAL DYNAMICS OF NANOPARTICLE FORMATION DURING LASER DECONTAMINATION AND CHARACTERIZATION. written by Meng-Dawn Cheng. This book was released on 2003. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acceleration of decommission and deactivation (D & D) activities of US Department of Energy (DOE) requires improved understandings of nanoparticle production and transformation during laser decontamination. Many material researchers have explored particle formation during laser energy-material interaction, but there are little data relevant to D & D work while laser energy is used to remove materials from contaminated surfaces. Fine particles are harmful to D & D workers and the environment. The focus of this research is to investigate the effects of the laser parameters and the chemistry of target samples on the dynamics and properties of produced particles. Data will facilitate better design of decontamination and deactivation strategies. There are three goals associated with achieving the required understanding of nanoparticle dynamics. (1) To develop baseline property data of laser-produced nanoparticles from samples of different bulk chemical composition and surface morphology. The data would include properties of particles such as the size from a few nanometers to a few micrometers, shape, distribution, and chemical composition. (2) To develop advanced particle instrumentation (for sizing and chemistry measurement) enabling higher resolution and shorter interval measurement, and (3) To develop computer simulation model to analyze and predict the dynamics of particles produced.

Index to Theses with Abstracts Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards

2007 Dissertations, Academic
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Release : 2007
Genre : Dissertations, Academic
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Book Synopsis Index to Theses with Abstracts Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards by :

Download or read book Index to Theses with Abstracts Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards written by . This book was released on 2007. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Biochar for Environmental Management

2012-05-16 Business & Economics
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Release : 2012-05-16
Genre : Business & Economics
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Book Rating : 205/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Biochar for Environmental Management by : Johannes Lehmann

Download or read book Biochar for Environmental Management written by Johannes Lehmann. This book was released on 2012-05-16. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochar is the carbon-rich product when biomass (such as wood, manure or crop residues) is heated in a closed container with little or no available air. It can be used to improve agriculture and the environment in several ways, and its stability in soil and superior nutrient-retention properties make it an ideal soil amendment to increase crop yields. In addition to this, biochar sequestration, in combination with sustainable biomass production, can be carbon-negative and therefore used to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with major implications for mitigation of climate change. Biochar production can also be combined with bioenergy production through the use of the gases that are given off in the pyrolysis process. This book is the first to synthesize the expanding research literature on this topic. The book's interdisciplinary approach, which covers engineering, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, economics and policy, is a vital tool at this stage of biochar technology development. This comprehensive overview of current knowledge will be of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in a wide range of disciplines.

Nanotechnologies

2017 Nanoparticles
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Release : 2017
Genre : Nanoparticles
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Book Synopsis Nanotechnologies by :

Download or read book Nanotechnologies written by . This book was released on 2017. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This document specifies a method for the detection of nanoparticles in aqueous suspensions and characterization of the particle number and particle mass concentration and the number-based size distribution using ICP-MS in a time-resolved mode to determine the mass of individual nanoparticles and ionic concentrations. The method is applicable for the determination of the size of inorganic nanoparticles (e.g. metal and metal oxides like Au, Ag, TiO2, BVO4, etc.), with size ranges of 10 nm to 100 nm (and larger particles up to 1 000 nm to 2 000 nm) in aqueous suspensions. Metal compounds other than oxides (e.g. sulfides, etc.), metal composites or coated particles with a metal core can be determined if the chemical composition and density are known. Particle number concentrations that can be determined in aqueous suspensions range from 106 particles/L to 109 particles/L which corresponds to mass concentrations in the range of approximately 1 ng/L to 1 000 ng/L (for 60 nm Au particles). Actual numbers depend on the type of mass spectrometer used and the type of nanoparticle analysed. In addition to the particle concentrations, ionic concentrations in the suspension can also be determined. Limits of detection are comparable with standard ICP-MS measurements. Note that nanoparticles with sizes smaller than the particle size detection limit of the spICP-MS method may be quantified as ionic. The method proposed in this document is not applicable for the detection and characterization of organic or carbon-based nanoparticles like encapsulates, fullerenes and carbon nanotubes (CNT). In addition, it is not applicable for elements other than carbon and that are difficult to determine with ICP-MS. Reference [5] gives an overview of elements that can be detected and the minimum particle sizes that can be determined with spICP-MS." -- Page 1.

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