Neuroinflammation in Stroke

2013-04-17 Medical

Author : Ulrich Dirnagl
Release : 2013-04-17
Genre : Medical
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 264/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Neuroinflammation in Stroke by : Ulrich Dirnagl

Download or read book Neuroinflammation in Stroke written by Ulrich Dirnagl. This book was released on 2013-04-17. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The successful treatment of acute stroke remains one of the major challenges in clinical medicine. Over the last decades, the understanding of stroke pathophysiology has greatly improved, while the therapeutic options in stroke therapy remain very limited. Today, hyperacute mechanisms of damage, such as excitotoxicity, can be discriminated from delayed ones, such as inflammation and apoptosis. Targeting of inflammation has already been successfully applied in various stroke models, but translation into a clinically efficacious strategy has not been achieved so far. In this book, leading experts in basic cerebrovascular research as well as stroke treatment review the current evidence for and against an important role for inflammation in stroke, and explore the potential of treating or modulating inflammation in stroke therapy.

Inflammation and Stroke

2001 Medical

Author : Giora Z. Feuerstein
Release : 2001
Genre : Medical
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 110/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Inflammation and Stroke by : Giora Z. Feuerstein

Download or read book Inflammation and Stroke written by Giora Z. Feuerstein. This book was released on 2001. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New opportunities for stroke prevention and therapeutics: a hope from anti-inflammatory drugs?.- Inflammation in stroke and CNS trauma - experimental and clinical evidence.- Clinical evidence of inflammation as a risk factor in ischemic stroke.- Inflammation as a risk factor for stroke: evidence from experimental models.- Inflammatory and immune responses to CNS injury: beneficial and detrimental components.- Salutary effect of autoimmune T cells after central nervous system injury.- Traumatic brain injury: is head trauma an inflammatory disease?.- Cyclic activation and inactivation of brain vessels involving inflammatory mediators - implications for stroke.- Inflammatory cells in stroke.- Do leukocytes play a role in focal ischemia in the brain? An objective review of the literature.- The role of microglia in ischemic brain injury.- Inflammatory activation of brain cells by hypoxia: transcription factors and signaling pathways.- Inflammatory cytokines, interleukins and chemokines in stroke and CNS trauma.- Cytokine effects on CNS cells: implications for the pathogenesis and prevention of stroke.- Interleukin-10 in cerebral ischemia and stroke.- Chemokines and ischemic stroke.- Biphasic activity of tumor necrosis factor in stroke and brain trauma: interaction with reactive oxygen species.- Interleukin-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist in stroke: mechanisms and potential therapeutics.- Inflammatory cytokines in CNS trauma.- Inflammation in cerebral thrombosis, angiogenesis and matrix regulation: a new perspective in stroke research and therapeutics.- Microvessel integrin expression during focal cerebral ischemia.- The inflammatory response in focal cerebral ischemia.- Chronic neuronal perturbation mediated by RAGE, a receptor for ?-sheet fibrils and S100/calgranulins.- Mediators of inflammation and blood-brain barrier permeability in cerebral ischemia.- Inflammatory proteases and oxygen radicals in stroke.- The role of metalloproteinases on blood-brain barrier breakdown after ischemic stroke.- Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in hypoxia/reoxygenation and stroke.- Extracellular matrix-degrading metalloproteinases and neuroinflammation in stroke.- Anti-oxidant strategies to treat stroke.- Inflammatory adhesion molecules, kinins, nitric oxide complement factors and lipid mediators in stroke.- Selectin-and complement-mediated mechanisms of tissue injury in stroke.- The kallikrein-kinin system in ischemic and traumatic brain injury.- Nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthases and cyclooxygenase-2 in experimental focal stroke.

Inflammation and Stroke

2012-12-06 Medical

Author : Giora Z. Feuerstein
Release : 2012-12-06
Genre : Medical
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 971/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Inflammation and Stroke by : Giora Z. Feuerstein

Download or read book Inflammation and Stroke written by Giora Z. Feuerstein. This book was released on 2012-12-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stroke is a leading cause of death in developed countries. However, current therapeutic strategies for stroke have been largely unsuccessful. One possible explanation is that research and pharmacological management have focused on very early events in brain ischemia. New research has shown that brain ischemia and trauma elicit strong inflammatory reactions driven by both external and brain cells. The recognition of inflammation as a fundamental response to brain ischemia provides novel opportunities for new anti-inflammatory therapies. For the first time, an international body of researchers presents the latest findings about the cellular and humoral aspects of immune and inflammatory reactions in the brain. The work may have an impact on the treatment of neuroinjuries and ancillary brain diseases, and increase the understanding of the roles infections and immune reactions play in the brain milieu.

Neuroinflammation

2008 Cerebral ischemia

Author : Mario Di Napoli
Release : 2008
Genre : Cerebral ischemia
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 305/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Neuroinflammation by : Mario Di Napoli

Download or read book Neuroinflammation written by Mario Di Napoli. This book was released on 2008. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ischemic stroke is a devastating clinical event. Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory mechanisms are involved in the progression of post ischemic-induced brain injury. Cerebral ischemia is accompanied by a marked inflammatory reaction that is initiated by ischemia-induced expression of cytokines, adhesion molecules, and other inflammatory mediators, including prostanoids, extracellular proteases, reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, leading to the accumulation of inflammatory cells, such as leukocytes and microglia. The inflammatory reaction, which has a rapid onset and continues after the stroke, is thought to acutely contribute to the evolution of tissue injury. Many compounds have been identified in cerebral ischemia, which are known to promote and sustain inflammatory responses. Better understanding of the role of the post ischemic-induced inflammatory response and its potential for modulation might have profound implications for patient treatment. Pre-clinical studies suggest that interventions that are aimed at attenuating such inflammation reduce the progression of brain damage that occurs during the late stages of cerebral ischemia. In particular, strategies that block the activity of inflammation-related enzymes reduce ischemic damage with an extended therapeutic window. In this review, a summary of the available literature on the inflammatory responses after cerebral ischemia and ischemic stroke is presented along with discussion of some of the emerging opportunities for potential therapeutic strategies. Although at the moment, clinical trials using anti-inflammatory strategies did not show benefit in patients with ischemic stroke, there is a strong rationale for continuing to explore the efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapies in the treatment of the late stages of cerebral ischemia. It is plausible that in the near future, additional strategies using neuroprotective drug cocktails that target inflammation could offer exciting new promise in the therapeutic approach to ischemic stroke.

Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation

2017-08-23 Medical

Author : Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda Abreu
Release : 2017-08-23
Genre : Medical
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 515/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation by : Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda Abreu

Download or read book Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation written by Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda Abreu. This book was released on 2017-08-23. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation" book explains how the neuronal cells become swollen at the moment of the blood-brain barrier disruption and how they lose their immunological isolation. A cascade of cytokines and immune cells from the bloodstream enters the nervous system, inflaming neurons and activating the glia. This produces a neuroinflammatory process that can generate different neurodegenerative diseases. Better understanding of mechanisms that are activated at the time when the damage to the brain occurs could lead to the development of suitable therapies that revert the neuronal inflammation and thus prevent further damage to the nervous system.

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