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Nepal’s 2072 federal constitution: Implications for the governance of the agricultural sector

2016-12-22 Political Science
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Release : 2016-12-22
Genre : Political Science
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Book Synopsis Nepal’s 2072 federal constitution: Implications for the governance of the agricultural sector by : Kyle, Jordan

Download or read book Nepal’s 2072 federal constitution: Implications for the governance of the agricultural sector written by Kyle, Jordan. This book was released on 2016-12-22. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we explore the implications of Nepal’s new federal Constitution—passed in September 2015—for governance of the agricultural sector. Agriculture is the backbone of the Nepali economy, providing a livelihood for approximately two-thirds of the population, contributing one-third of the country’s GDP, and constituting more than half of the country’s exports. In transitioning from a unitary to a federal republic—with greater authority and autonomy granted to subnational units of government—it is of paramount importance to ensure that the agricultural sector is guided by coordinated planning, retains sufficient human capacity, and receives adequate fiscal resources. These considerations are particularly important given that the governance of Nepal’s agricultural sector already suffers from poor coordination, low human resources capacity, and inadequate financial resources. Addressing these issues may become more difficult under a federal structure. This paper begins by laying out the main challenges for agricultural governance in Nepal under the current structure. To do so, it relies on an original survey of 100 district agricultural and livestock officers in charge of local agricultural service delivery in Nepal as well as perspectives collected through more than two dozen semi-structured interviews with officials from the Ministry of Agricultural Development, the Ministry of Livestock Development, civil society, the private sector, and donors. Because Nepal is embarking on a pathway to more decentralized governance, which has been well-trodden by a number of other countries, the paper proceeds by examining five case studies, drawing lessons from India, Indonesia, Kenya, Malaysia, and South Africa. Based on these analyses, the paper offers policy recommendations on how the sector can be restructured to meet the constitutional provisions, while simultaneously ensuring that the government can deliver on its long-term objectives to develop the agricultural sector.

The devolution revolution: Implications for agricultural service delivery in Ghana

Political Science
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Genre : Political Science
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Book Synopsis The devolution revolution: Implications for agricultural service delivery in Ghana by : Resnick, Danielle

Download or read book The devolution revolution: Implications for agricultural service delivery in Ghana written by Resnick, Danielle. This book was released on . Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2009, Ghana began pursuing the devolution of functions and responsibilities from the central government to the country’s 216 Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Assemblies (MMDAs). Agriculture was among one of the first sectors to be devolved, a process that became effective in 2012. This paper analyzes how this transition has proceeded, with a focus on the implications for agricultural civil servants within the MMDAs, accountability to citizens, and agricultural expenditures. Empirically, the paper draws on a survey of 960 rural households, 80 District Directors of Agriculture (DDAs), district level budget data from 2012 to 2016, and semi-structured interviews with a range of national and local government stakeholders.

Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Diagnostic of Selected Sectors in Nepal

2020-10-01 Business & Economics
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Release : 2020-10-01
Genre : Business & Economics
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 253/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Diagnostic of Selected Sectors in Nepal by : Asian Development Bank

Download or read book Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Diagnostic of Selected Sectors in Nepal written by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-10-01. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents a gender equality and social inclusion (GeSi) analysis of six priority sectors in Nepal: agriculture and natural resources management, energy, skills development, urban development, transport and water, and sanitation and hygiene. The publication identifies practical ways in which gender equality, social inclusion, and women’s empowerment approaches can be integrated into each of these sectors. The diagnostic aims to inform the GeSi initiatives of the Government of Nepal, the Asian development Bank, and other development partners of the country.

The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions: Evidence from rural Ethiopia

2016-12-29 Political Science
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Release : 2016-12-29
Genre : Political Science
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Book Synopsis The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions: Evidence from rural Ethiopia by : Kosec, Katrina

Download or read book The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions: Evidence from rural Ethiopia written by Kosec, Katrina. This book was released on 2016-12-29. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does the amount of land youth expect to inherit affect their migration and employment decisions? This paper explores this question in the context of rural Ethiopia using panel data from 2010 and 2014. We estimate a household fixed-effects model and exploit exogenous variation in the timing of land redistributions to overcome endogenous household decisions about how much land to bequeath to descendants. We find that larger expected land inheritances significantly lower the likelihood of long-distance permanent migration and of permanent migration to urban areas during this time. Inheriting more land is also associated with a significantly higher likelihood of employment in agriculture and a lower likelihood of employment in the nonagricultural sector. Conversely, the decision to attend school is unaffected. These results appear to be most heavily driven by males and by the older half of our youth sample. We also find several mediating factors matter. Land inheritance plays a much more pronounced role in predicting rural-to-urban permanent migration and nonagricultural-sector employment in areas with less vibrant land markets and in relatively remote areas (those far from major urban centers). Overall, the results suggest that inheritance strongly influences the spatial location and strategic employment decisions of youth.

A chicken and maize situation: The poultry feed sector in Ghana

2017-01-27 Political Science
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Release : 2017-01-27
Genre : Political Science
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Book Synopsis A chicken and maize situation: The poultry feed sector in Ghana by : Andam, Kwaw S.

Download or read book A chicken and maize situation: The poultry feed sector in Ghana written by Andam, Kwaw S.. This book was released on 2017-01-27. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focuses on the feed milling industry, which serves as the link between maize and poultry, through a field assessment of feed millers in Ghana. The findings establish the importance of feed in the poultry value chain. In addition, they show how the sector has become more integrated with poultry production, especially on larger-scale poultry farms. Because maize accounts for 60 percent of poultry feed, its availability and price have important implications for the profitability and growth potential of feed and, therefore, for poultry production as well. We illustrate these linkages by means of a simple spatial market equilibrium model that ties together the three sectors of the poultry value chain: the primary inputs (maize and soybeans), intermediate inputs (feed), and final products (meat and eggs). This model also enables us to assess the future growth potential of the poultry industry given alternative policy-driven changes in productivity and the production capacities of all three sectors. The results show that for poultry meat, replacing imports with domestic production in the short term would be nearly impossible. For the egg industry, however, there is potential for Ghana to export to neighboring countries by reducing production costs through improvements in yellow maize production.

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