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Neighborhood and Life Chances

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Release : 2011-02-17
Genre : Social Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 08X/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Neighborhood and Life Chances by : Harriet B. Newburger

Download or read book Neighborhood and Life Chances written by Harriet B. Newburger. This book was released on 2011-02-17. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the place where you lived as a child affect your health as an adult? To what degree does your neighbor's success influence your own potential? The importance of place is increasingly recognized in urban research as an important variable in understanding individual and household outcomes. Place matters in education, physical health, crime, violence, housing, family income, mental health, and discrimination—issues that determine the quality of life, especially among low-income residents of urban areas. Neighborhood and Life Chances: How Place Matters in Modern America brings together researchers from a range of disciplines to present the findings of studies in the fields of education, health, and housing. The results are intriguing and surprising, particularly the debate over Moving to Opportunity, an experiment conducted by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, designed to test directly the effects of relocating individuals away from areas of concentrated poverty. Its results, while strong in some respects, showed very different outcomes for boys and girls, with girls more likely than boys to experience positive outcomes. Reviews of the literature in education and health, supplemented by new research, demonstrate that the problems associated with residing in a negative environment are indisputable, but also suggest the directions in which solutions may lie. The essays collected in this volume give readers a clear sense of the magnitude of contemporary challenges in metropolitan America and of the role that place plays in reinforcing them. Although the contributors suggest many practical immediate interventions, they also recognize the vital importance of continued long-term efforts to rectify place-based limitations on lifetime opportunities.

Neighborhoods and Individual Life Chances

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Author :
Release : 1996
Genre : Neighborhood
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Neighborhoods and Individual Life Chances by : Kumiko Shibuya

Download or read book Neighborhoods and Individual Life Chances written by Kumiko Shibuya. This book was released on 1996. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Space, Place and Educational Settings

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Author :
Release : 2021-12-02
Genre : Social Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 971/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Space, Place and Educational Settings by : Tim Freytag

Download or read book Space, Place and Educational Settings written by Tim Freytag. This book was released on 2021-12-02. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores the nexus between knowledge and space with a particular emphasis on the role of educational settings that are, both, shaping and being reshaped by socio-economic and political processes. It gives insight into the complex interplay of educational inequalities and practices of educational governance in the neighborhood and at larger geographical scales. The book adopts quantitative and qualitative methodologies and explores a wide range of theoretical perspectives by drawing upon empirical cases and examples from France, Germany, Italy, the UK and North America, and presents and reflects ongoing research of international scholars from various disciplinary backgrounds such as education, human geography, public policy, sociology, and urban and regional planning. As such, it provides an interesting read for scholars, students and professionals in the broader field of social, cultural and educational studies, as well as policy makers and practitioners in the fields of education, pedagogy, social work, and urban and regional planning.

Communities in Action

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Release : 2017-04-27
Genre : Medical
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 961/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. This book was released on 2017-04-27. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Group Interests, Individual Attitudes

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Release : 2021-07-10
Genre : Political Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 957/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Group Interests, Individual Attitudes by : Michael J Donnelly

Download or read book Group Interests, Individual Attitudes written by Michael J Donnelly. This book was released on 2021-07-10. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What drives support for or opposition to redistributive taxation and spending? Why is ethnic diversity associated with inequality and a lack of redistribution? This book argues that many individuals, recognizing that they live in a world of uncertainty, use the groups of which they are a member as a heuristic to understand how welfare states are likely to impact them. This leads to reduced support for redistribution among the wealthy, whose disproportionate influence over policy in turn leads to less redistribution. Group Interests, Individual Attitudes develops the argument with a series of empirical implications, which are then tested using data from a variety of sources. It examines regional and ethnic politics in the United Kingdom, Germany, Slovakia, Canada, and Italy, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative evidence, existing and new surveys, and observational and experimental methods. The evidence is largely consistent with a heuristic theory, allowing us to see group politics in a new light.

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