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Nanoscopic Approaches in Earth and Planetary Sciences

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Release : 2010-08-01
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 259/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Nanoscopic Approaches in Earth and Planetary Sciences by : G. Jordan

Download or read book Nanoscopic Approaches in Earth and Planetary Sciences written by G. Jordan. This book was released on 2010-08-01. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The properties of matter at extreme length scales can differ markedly from those at length scales accessible to human observation. Nanogeoscience is described here: analytical techniques ranging from atomic force microscopy, nanoscale SIMS, TEM and EELS, to recent developments in nano-scale resolution in synchrotron radiation.

Raman Spectroscopy Applied to Earth Sciences and Cultural Heritage

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Release : 2012-11-20
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 313/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Raman Spectroscopy Applied to Earth Sciences and Cultural Heritage by : J. Dubessy

Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy Applied to Earth Sciences and Cultural Heritage written by J. Dubessy. This book was released on 2012-11-20. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spectroscopic methods such as Raman are used to investigate the structure and dynamics of matter. They are essential for the study of the different types of mineral or organic materials produced at the Earths surface or interior. As a result of technological improvements in gratings, detectors, filters and personal computers in the last decade, many micro-Raman spectrometers have become plug-and-play instruments, very easy to use and available at a lower cost than the early Raman microprobes. Thus, many laboratories in Earth Sciences and Cultural Heritage are equipped with these new spectrometers. Commercial, portable Raman spectrometers working in the field have also contributed to the spread of Raman spectroscopy. Poor levels of education in terms of Raman spectroscopy in undergraduate courses in Earth Sciences make it difficult for individuals to obtain information of the highest quality relevant to Earth sciences and Cultural Heritage. This volume is, therefore, timely. Four main topics are addressed: Theory; Methodology, including the instrumentation; Experimental aspects; and Application.

Planetary Mineralogy

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Release : 2015-04-20
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 550/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Planetary Mineralogy by : M.R. Lee

Download or read book Planetary Mineralogy written by M.R. Lee . This book was released on 2015-04-20. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the EMU Notes in Mineralogy is one of the outcomes of a school in planetary mineralogy that was held in Glasgow, Scotland, in 2014. The school was inspired by the recent advances in our understanding of the nature and evolution of our Solar System that have come from the missions to study and sample asteroids and comets, and the very successful Mars orbiters and landers. At the same time our horizons have expanded greatly with the discovery of extrasolar protoplanetary disks, planets and planetary systems by space telescopes. The continued success of such telescopic and robotic exploration requires a supply of highly skilled people and so one of the goals of the Glasgow school was to help build a community of early-career planetary scientists and space engineers.

Minerals at the Nanoscale

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Release : 2013-05-24
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 348/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Minerals at the Nanoscale by : F. Nieto

Download or read book Minerals at the Nanoscale written by F. Nieto. This book was released on 2013-05-24. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editors have gathered in this book, reviews of past and current studies of mineral groups that have played important roles in geology, environmental science and health science. The various chapters cover the application of TEM and related techniques to: mineral groups in which TEM investigations have been extensive and crucial to the understanding of their mineralogy, namely pyriboles, serpentines, clays, micas and other metamorphic phyllosilicates, oxides and oxyhydroxides, sulfides and carbonates. Some research fields for which TEM is particularly suitable and which have produced significant advances, in particular, are inclusions and traces, extraterrestrial material, deformation processes, non-stoichiometry and superstructures, and biominerals. Nowadays, we are witnessing the push for the improvement of detectors for imaging (direct detection of electrons) and X-rays (silicon drift detectors and annular high solid-angle of collection detectors), the development of new support materials (e.g. graphene) and liquid cells for TEMs. Most of these new technologies have not yet been applied to mineralogical problems but we hope they will be in the near future.

Environmental Mineralogy II

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Release : 2013-02-06
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 321/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Mineralogy II by : D.J. Vaughan

Download or read book Environmental Mineralogy II written by D.J. Vaughan . This book was released on 2013-02-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a sense, all mineralogy is environmental mineralogy. However, the term environmental has come to be employed (particularly in combination with terms such as science, issue or problem) to refer to those systems at or near the surface of the Earth where the geosphere comes into contact with the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. This is, of course, the environment upon which the human race depends for survival and, hence, is now sometimes referred to as the critical zone. Those systems containing minerals that constitute the most important or key environments are considered here: soils, modern sediments, atmospheric aerosols, and the interior or exterior parts of certain micro- and macro-organisms. Particularly important are the roles that minerals play in processes that act over time to control or influence the environment at various scales of observation. Both pure systems and those contaminated as a result of human activity are considered. The objectives for this volume are to help to define the subject of environmental mineralogy, and to provide an initial source of information both for mineralogists and other scientists who wish to understand or work in this field. It was hoped that it might also provide a text for use by those teaching courses in the subject at advanced undergraduate or graduate student level.

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