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Humanitarian NGOs, (In)Security and Identity

2016-03-09 Political Science
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Release : 2016-03-09
Genre : Political Science
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Book Rating : 525/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Humanitarian NGOs, (In)Security and Identity by : Andrea Schneiker

Download or read book Humanitarian NGOs, (In)Security and Identity written by Andrea Schneiker. This book was released on 2016-03-09. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly humanitarian NGOs operate in the context of armed conflicts where the security risks are higher than in contexts of natural disaster. Working in Afghanistan, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Pakistan and Sri Lanka is particularly dangerous for humanitarians. This existential threat affects the physical existence of aid workers and the implementation of humanitarian programs, and the core beliefs of humanitarians and the underlying principles of humanitarian action. For NGOs it is difficult to accept that they are attacked despite their good intentions, sometimes even by the very communities they seek to help. For these reasons, humanitarian NGOs have to change their approaches to security by not only adapting their policies, procedures and structures to the changing environment, but also reviewing the underlying principles of their work. This book contributes to debates by demonstrating how issues of (in)security affect humanitarian NGOs and the humanitarian identity, situating the structural changes within the humanitarian NGO community in the context of conflict aid governance and explains how non-state actors establish their own governance structures, independent from state-sponsored solutions, and contributes to the emerging literature on the redefinition of the concept of epistemic communities.

Humanitarian Ngo's (in-)Security and Identity Epistemic Communities and Conflict Aid Governance

2015-10-01 Political Science
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Release : 2015-10-01
Genre : Political Science
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Book Rating : 089/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Humanitarian Ngo's (in-)Security and Identity Epistemic Communities and Conflict Aid Governance by : Andrea Schneiker

Download or read book Humanitarian Ngo's (in-)Security and Identity Epistemic Communities and Conflict Aid Governance written by Andrea Schneiker. This book was released on 2015-10-01. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly humanitarian NGOs operate in the context of armed conflicts where the security risks are higher than in contexts of natural disaster. For NGOs it is difficult to accept that they are attacked despite their good intentions, sometimes even by the very communities they seek to help. As such, humanitarian NGOs have to change their approaches to security by not only adapting their policies, procedures and structures to the changing environment, but also review the underlying principles of their work. This book contributes to debates by demonstrating how issues of (in-)security affect humanitarian NGOs and the humanitarian identity, situating the structural changes within the humanitarian NGO community in the context of conflict aid governance and explains how non-state actors establish their own governance structures, independent from state-sponsored solutions, and contributes to the emerging literature on the redefinition of the concept of epistemic communities.

NGO Insecurity in High-risk Conflict Zones

2016
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Release : 2016
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Book Synopsis NGO Insecurity in High-risk Conflict Zones by : John "David" F. Mitchell

Download or read book NGO Insecurity in High-risk Conflict Zones written by John "David" F. Mitchell. This book was released on 2016. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attacks against nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in high-risk conflict zones have increased exponentially over the last two decades. However, the few existing empirical studies on NGO insecurity have tended to focus on external factors influencing attacks, with little attention paid to the actions of aid workers themselves. To fill this gap, this dissertation theorizes that aid workers may have contributed to their own insecurity by engaging in greater political action. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used to assess the impact of political activity by NGOs on the insecurity of aid workers. The quantitative analyses test the theory at two levels. The first is a large-N country-level analysis of 117 nations from 1999 to 2015 using panel corrected standard errors. The second is a subnational-level statistical analysis of four case studies: Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, and Colombia from 2000 to 2014. Both the country- and provincial- level analyses show that the magnitude of aid tends to be a significant determinant of aid worker security. The qualitative methods of "structured-focused comparison" and "process tracing" are used to analyze the four cases. Results show that aid workers are most likely to be victims of politically-motivated attacks while in-transit. Consistent with the quantitative findings, it is speculated that if workers are engaged in a large-scale project over an extended period of time, attackers will be able to monitor their daily activities and routines closely, making it easier to orchestrate a successful ambush. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that political statements made by NGOs—regardless of their sectors of activity—have increased insecurity for the broader aid community. These results dispel the myth that humanitarian activity has historically been independent, impartial, and neutral. Several NGOs have relied on this false assumption for security, believing that adherence to core principles has contributed to "humanitarian space." The results also dispel the popular NGO assumption that targeted attacks are not official tactics of organized militants, but rather the result of criminality or mistaken identity. In fact, the overwhelming majority of aid workers attacked in high-risk conflict zones have been targeted by political actors.

Media, Organizations and Identity

2009-12-09 Business & Economics
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Release : 2009-12-09
Genre : Business & Economics
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Book Rating : 39X/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Media, Organizations and Identity by : Lilie Chouliaraki

Download or read book Media, Organizations and Identity written by Lilie Chouliaraki. This book was released on 2009-12-09. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mass media, press and television have always been central in the formation of corporate identity and the promotion of business image and reputation. This volume provides a new perspective into the interrelationships between media and organizations across three dimensions: Media as Business, Media in business and Business in the media.

Aid in Danger

2014-05-14 Business & Economics
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Release : 2014-05-14
Genre : Business & Economics
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Book Rating : 039/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Aid in Danger by : Larissa Fast

Download or read book Aid in Danger written by Larissa Fast. This book was released on 2014-05-14. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humanitarian aid workers increasingly remain present in contexts of violence and are injured, kidnapped, and killed as a result. Since 9/11 and in response to these dangers, aid organizations have fortified themselves to shield their staff and programs from outside threats. In Aid in Danger, Larissa Fast critically examines the causes of violence against aid workers and the consequences of the approaches aid agencies use to protect themselves from attack. Based on more than a decade of research, Aid in Danger explores the assumptions underpinning existing explanations of and responses to violence against aid workers. According to Fast, most explanations of attacks locate the causes externally and maintain an image of aid workers as an exceptional category of civilians. The resulting approaches to security rely on separation and fortification and alienate aid workers from those in need, representing both a symptom and a cause of crisis in the humanitarian system. Missing from most analyses are the internal vulnerabilities, exemplified in the everyday decisions and ordinary human frailties and organizational mistakes that sometimes contribute to the conditions leading to violence. This oversight contributes to the normalization of danger in aid work and undermines the humanitarian ethos. As an alternative, Fast proposes a relational framework that captures both external threats and internal vulnerabilities. By uncovering overlooked causes of violence, Aid in Danger offers a unique perspective on the challenges of providing aid in perilous settings and on the prospects of reforming the system in service of core humanitarian values.

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