Hot Molecules, Cold Electrons

2022-05-10 Science

Author : Paul J. Nahin
Release : 2022-05-10
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 844/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Hot Molecules, Cold Electrons by : Paul J. Nahin

Download or read book Hot Molecules, Cold Electrons written by Paul J. Nahin. This book was released on 2022-05-10. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An entertaining mathematical exploration of the heat equation and its role in the triumphant development of the trans-Atlantic telegraph cable Heat, like gravity, shapes nearly every aspect of our world and universe, from how milk dissolves in coffee to how molten planets cool. The heat equation, a cornerstone of modern physics, demystifies such processes, painting a mathematical picture of the way heat diffuses through matter. Presenting the mathematics and history behind the heat equation, Hot Molecules, Cold Electrons tells the remarkable story of how this foundational idea brought about one of the greatest technological advancements of the modern era. Paul Nahin vividly recounts the heat equation’s tremendous influence on society, showing how French mathematical physicist Joseph Fourier discovered, derived, and solved the equation in the early nineteenth century. Nahin then follows Scottish physicist William Thomson, whose further analysis of Fourier’s explorations led to the pioneering trans-Atlantic telegraph cable. This feat of engineering reduced the time it took to send a message across the ocean from weeks to minutes. Readers also learn that Thomson used Fourier’s solutions to calculate the age of the earth, and, in a bit of colorful lore, that writer Charles Dickens relied on the trans-Atlantic cable to save himself from a career-damaging scandal. The book’s mathematical and scientific explorations can be easily understood by anyone with a basic knowledge of high school calculus and physics, and MATLAB code is included to aid readers who would like to solve the heat equation themselves. A testament to the intricate links between mathematics and physics, Hot Molecules, Cold Electrons offers a fascinating glimpse into the relationship between a formative equation and one of the most important developments in the history of human communication.

Hot Molecules & Cold Electrons

2020 Heat equation

Author : Paul J. Nahin
Release : 2020
Genre : Heat equation
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 270/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Hot Molecules & Cold Electrons by : Paul J. Nahin

Download or read book Hot Molecules & Cold Electrons written by Paul J. Nahin. This book was released on 2020. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is a testament to the intimate, mutual embrace of mathematics and physics. It achieves that by telling the story of an historical event of tremendous impact upon society, both spiritually and technically - the mid-19th century construction of the trans-Atlantic telegraph cable, which reduced the time to send a message across the ocean from weeks to minutes. The story of the cable actually begins decades earlier, at the start of the century, with the French mathematical physicist Joseph Fourier's development of the mathematics that the Scottish physicist William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) would use to analyze the electrical physics of the cable. The story of Fourier opens the book, that of Thomson completes it, and in-between the reader will learn how to derive Fourier's second-order partial differential equation for the flow of heat energy in matter, how Fourier solved the heat equation, how Thomson used Fourier's solutions to calculate the age of the Earth (imagined to be the result of the of an initially molten sphere of blinding brilliance) and, finally, how Thomson showed that the heat equation also describes the Atlantic cable. An epilogue describing the post-Thomson developments completes the book. All readers who have completed first courses at the level of AP-calculus and AP-physics will be able to read this book. This is a perhaps surprising feature of the book, as the mathematics discussed is normally not encountered until the second year (or even later) of college-level work. This book shows that, in fact, the technical material is fully graspable by a college freshman. Unlike a pure technical book, readers will also find a lot of fascinating history in this book (including the bizarre story of how the English novelist Charles Dickens used the Atlantic cable to send a coded message - during his 1867 American reading tour - to avoid a career-damaging scandal concerning his mistress)"--

Low Temperatures and Cold Molecules

2008 Science

Author : Ian W. M. Smith
Release : 2008
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 103/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Low Temperatures and Cold Molecules by : Ian W. M. Smith

Download or read book Low Temperatures and Cold Molecules written by Ian W. M. Smith. This book was released on 2008. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together, for the first time, the results of recent research in areas ranging from the chemistry of cold interstellar clouds (10-20 K), through laboratory studies of the spectroscopy and kinetics of ions, radicals and molecules, to studies of molecules in liquid helium droplets, to attempts to create molecular (as distinct from atomic) Bose-Einstein condensates.

Arnold Diffusion for Smooth Systems of Two and a Half Degrees of Freedom

2020-11-03 Mathematics

Author : Vadim Kaloshin
Release : 2020-11-03
Genre : Mathematics
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 524/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Arnold Diffusion for Smooth Systems of Two and a Half Degrees of Freedom by : Vadim Kaloshin

Download or read book Arnold Diffusion for Smooth Systems of Two and a Half Degrees of Freedom written by Vadim Kaloshin. This book was released on 2020-11-03. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first complete proof of Arnold diffusion—one of the most important problems in dynamical systems and mathematical physics Arnold diffusion, which concerns the appearance of chaos in classical mechanics, is one of the most important problems in the fields of dynamical systems and mathematical physics. Since it was discovered by Vladimir Arnold in 1963, it has attracted the efforts of some of the most prominent researchers in mathematics. The question is whether a typical perturbation of a particular system will result in chaotic or unstable dynamical phenomena. In this groundbreaking book, Vadim Kaloshin and Ke Zhang provide the first complete proof of Arnold diffusion, demonstrating that that there is topological instability for typical perturbations of five-dimensional integrable systems (two and a half degrees of freedom). This proof realizes a plan John Mather announced in 2003 but was unable to complete before his death. Kaloshin and Zhang follow Mather's strategy but emphasize a more Hamiltonian approach, tying together normal forms theory, hyperbolic theory, Mather theory, and weak KAM theory. Offering a complete, clean, and modern explanation of the steps involved in the proof, and a clear account of background material, this book is designed to be accessible to students as well as researchers. The result is a critical contribution to mathematical physics and dynamical systems, especially Hamiltonian systems.

Time Machines

2001-04-20 Science

Author : Paul J. Nahin
Release : 2001-04-20
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 718/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Time Machines by : Paul J. Nahin

Download or read book Time Machines written by Paul J. Nahin. This book was released on 2001-04-20. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the idea of time travel from the first account in English literature to the latest theories of physicists such as Kip Thorne and Igor Novikov. This very readable work covers a variety of topics including: the history of time travel in fiction; the fundamental scientific concepts of time, spacetime, and the fourth dimension; the speculations of Einstein, Richard Feynman, Kurt Goedel, and others; time travel paradoxes, and much more.

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