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Group Rationality in Scientific Research

2007-04-16 Science
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Release : 2007-04-16
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 620/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Group Rationality in Scientific Research by : Husain Sarkar

Download or read book Group Rationality in Scientific Research written by Husain Sarkar. This book was released on 2007-04-16. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under what conditions is a group of scientists rational? How would rational scientists collectively agree to make their group more effective? What sorts of negotiations would occur among them and under what conditions? What effect would their final agreement have on science and society? These questions have been central to the philosophy of science for the last two decades. In this 2007 book, Husain Sarkar proposes answers to them by building on classical solutions - the skeptical view, two versions of the subjectivist view, the objectivist view, and the view of Hilary Putnam. Although he finds these solutions not completely adequate, Sarkar retrieves what is of value from them and also expropriates the arguments of John Rawls and Amartya Sen, in order to weave a richer, deeper, and more developed theory of group rationality.

Progress and Rationality in Science

2012-12-06 Science
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Release : 2012-12-06
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 66X/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Progress and Rationality in Science by : G. Radnitzky

Download or read book Progress and Rationality in Science written by G. Radnitzky. This book was released on 2012-12-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays has evolved through the co-operative efforts, which began in the fall of 1974, of the participants in a workshop sponsored by the Fritz Thyssen Foundation. The idea of holding one or more small colloquia devoted to the topics of rational choice in science and scientific progress originated in a conversation in the summer of 1973 between one of the editors (GR) and the late Imre Lakatos. Unfortunately Lakatos himself was never able to see this project through, but his thought-provoking methodology of scientific research programmes was ably expounded and defended by his successors. Indeed, this volume continues and deepens the debate inaugurated in Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge (edited by Imre Lakatos and Alan Musgrave), a book which grew out of a conference held in 1965. That debate has continued during the years that have passed since that conference. The group of discussions about the place of rationality in science which have been held between those who emphasize the history of science (with Feyerabend and Kuhn as the most prominent exponents) and the critical rationalists (Popper and his followers), with Imre Lakatos defending a middle ground, these discussions were seen by almost all commentators as the most important event in the philosophy of science in the last decade. This problem area constituted the central theme of our Thyssen workshop. The workshop operated in the following manner.

The Rationality of Science

1981 Science
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Release : 1981
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Rationality of Science by : W. Newton-Smith

Download or read book The Rationality of Science written by W. Newton-Smith. This book was released on 1981. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional philosophical accounts of the scientific enterprise represent it as a paradigm of institutionalized rationality. The scientist is held to possess a special method which he disinterestedly applied, generating an accumulation of scientific knowledge about the world, and the evolution of science is seen as being determined by the rational deliberations of scientists and not by psychological or sociological factors. More recently, various philosophers, historians and sociologists of science have held that this rational model is no longer tenable. Some have claimed that there is no such thing as a scientific method or scientific progress, and that theories are incommensurable and so there is no possibility of choice between alternative theories. The more extreme non-rationalists seek to explain scientific change exclusively in terms of psychological and sociological factors. In this book, the author explores the controversy between the two approaches and presents a strongly critical and independent view of both rationalists like Popper and Lakatos and non-rationalists such as Kuhn and Feyerabend. He goes on to develop his own account of the scientific enterprise--temperate rationalism, a vindication of the rationalist approach to science and of a realist construal of theories.--

The Logic of Discovery

2013-03-09 Science
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Release : 2013-03-09
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 165/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Discovery by : S. Kleiner

Download or read book The Logic of Discovery written by S. Kleiner. This book was released on 2013-03-09. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific research is viewed as a deliberate activity and the logic of discovery consists of strategies and arguments whereby the best objectives (questions) and optimal means for achieving these objectives (heuristics) are chosen. This book includes a discussion and some proposals regarding the way the logic of questions can be applied to understanding scientific research and draws upon work in artificial intelligence in a discussion of heuristics and methods for appraising heuristics (metaheuristics). It also includes a discussion of a third source for scientific objectives and heuristics; episodes and examplars from the history of science and the history of philosophy. This book is written to be accessible to advanced students in philosophy and to the scientific community. It is of interest to philosophers of science, philosophers of biology, historians of physics, and historians of biology.

Social Science Research

2012-04-01 Science
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Release : 2012-04-01
Genre : Science
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Book Rating : 127/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Social Science Research by : Anol Bhattacherjee

Download or read book Social Science Research written by Anol Bhattacherjee. This book was released on 2012-04-01. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational concepts in behavioral research, and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. This book is currently used as a research text at universities on six continents and will shortly be available in nine different languages.

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