Foraging Theory

2019-12-31 Science

Author : David W. Stephens
Release : 2019-12-31
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 791/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Foraging Theory by : David W. Stephens

Download or read book Foraging Theory written by David W. Stephens. This book was released on 2019-12-31. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This account of the current state of foraging theory is also a valuable description of the use of optimality theory in behavioral ecology in general. Organizing and introducing the main research themes in economic analyses of animal feeding behavior, the authors analyze the empirical evidence bearing on foraging models and answer criticisms of optimality modeling. They explain the rationale for applying optimality models to the strategies and mechanics of foraging and present the basic "average-rate maximizing" models and their extensions. The work discusses new directions in foraging research: incorporating incomplete information and risk-sensitive behavior in foraging models; analyzing trade-offs, such as nutrient requirements and the threat of being eaten while foraging; formulating dynamic models; and building constrained optimization models that assume that foragers can use only simple "rules of thumb." As an analysis of these and earlier research developments and as a contribution to debates about the role of theory in evolutionary biology. Foraging Theory will appeal to a wide range of readers, from students to research professionals, in behavioral ecology, population and community ecology, animal behavior, and animal psychology, and especially to those planning empirical tests of foraging models.

Information Foraging Theory

2009 Psychology

Author : Peter Pirolli
Release : 2009
Genre : Psychology
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 791/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Information Foraging Theory by : Peter Pirolli

Download or read book Information Foraging Theory written by Peter Pirolli. This book was released on 2009. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peter Pirolli covers information foraging theory (IFT), a theory in adaptive information interaction. IFT analyses what people do to make sense of the huge amount of information available on the Internet and how they navigate it.

Social Foraging Theory

2018-06-05 Science

Author : Luc-Alain Giraldeau
Release : 2018-06-05
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 343/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Social Foraging Theory by : Luc-Alain Giraldeau

Download or read book Social Foraging Theory written by Luc-Alain Giraldeau. This book was released on 2018-06-05. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although there is extensive literature in the field of behavioral ecology that attempts to explain foraging of individuals, social foraging--the ways in which animals search and compete for food in groups--has been relatively neglected. This book redresses that situation by providing both a synthesis of the existing literature and a new theory of social foraging. Giraldeau and Caraco develop models informed by game theory that offer a new framework for analysis. Social Foraging Theory contains the most comprehensive theoretical approach to its subject, coupled with quantitative methods that will underpin future work in the field. The new models and approaches that are outlined here will encourage new research directions and applications. To date, the analysis of social foraging has lacked unifying themes, clear recognition of the problems inherent in the study of social foraging, and consistent interaction between theory and experiments. This book identifies social foraging as an economic interaction between the actions of individuals and those of other foragers. This interdependence raises complex questions about the size of foraging groups, the diversity of resources used, and the propensity of group members to exploit each other or forage cooperatively. The models developed in the book will allow researchers to test their own approaches and predictions. Many years in development, Social Foraging Theory will interest researchers and graduate students in such areas as behavioral ecology, population ecology, evolutionary biology, and wildlife management.

Foraging

2008-09-15 Science

Author : David W. Stephens
Release : 2008-09-15
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 659/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Foraging by : David W. Stephens

Download or read book Foraging written by David W. Stephens. This book was released on 2008-09-15. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foraging is fundamental to animal survival and reproduction, yet it is much more than a simple matter of finding food; it is a biological imperative. Animals must find and consume resources to succeed, and they make extraordinary efforts to do so. For instance, pythons rarely eat, but when they do, their meals are large—as much as 60 percent larger than their own bodies. The snake’s digestive system is normally dormant, but during digestion metabolic rates can increase fortyfold. A python digesting quietly on the forest floor has the metabolic rate of thoroughbred in a dead heat. This and related foraging processes have broad applications in ecology, cognitive science, anthropology, and conservation biology—and they can be further extrapolated in economics, neurobiology, and computer science. Foraging is the first comprehensive review of the topic in more than twenty years. A monumental undertaking, this volume brings together twenty-two experts from throughout the field to offer the latest on the mechanics of foraging, modern foraging theory, and foraging ecology. The fourteen essays cover all the relevant issues, including cognition, individual behavior, caching behavior, parental behavior, antipredator behavior, social behavior, population and community ecology, herbivory, and conservation. Considering a wide range of taxa, from birds to mammals to amphibians, Foraging will be the definitive guide to the field.

Information Foraging Theory

2009-05-16 Psychology

Author : Peter L. T. Pirolli
Release : 2009-05-16
Genre : Psychology
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 313/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Information Foraging Theory by : Peter L. T. Pirolli

Download or read book Information Foraging Theory written by Peter L. T. Pirolli. This book was released on 2009-05-16. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although much of the hubris and hyperbole surrounding the 1990's Internet has softened to a reasonable level, the inexorable momentum of information growth continues unabated. This wealth of information provides resources for adapting to the problems posed by our increasingly complex world, but the simple availability of more information does not guarantee its successful transformation into valuable knowledge that shapes, guides, and improves our activity. When faced with something like the analysis of sense-making behavior on the web, traditional research models tell us a lot about learning and performance with browser operations, but very little about how people will actively navigate and search through information structures, what information they will choose to consume, and what conceptual models they will induce about the landscape of cyberspace. Thus, it is fortunate that a new field of research, Adaptive Information Interaction (AII), is becoming possible. AII centers on the problems of understanding and improving human-information interaction. It is about how people will best shape themselves to their information environments, and how information environments can best be shaped to people. Its roots lie in human-computer interaction (HCI), information retrieval, and the behavioral and social sciences. This book is about Information Foraging Theory (IFT), a new theory in Adaptive Information Interaction that is one example of a recent flourish of theories in adaptationist psychology that draw upon evolutionary-ecological theory in biology. IFT assumes that people (indeed, all organisms) are ecologically rational, and that human information-seeking mechanisms and strategies adapt the structure of the information environments in which they operate. Its main aim is to create technology that is better shaped to users. Information Foraging Theory will be of interest to student and professional researchers in HCI and cognitive psychology.

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