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Effectiveness of Government Support for the Private Sector During the COVID-19 Crisis

2022
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Release : 2022
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Book Synopsis Effectiveness of Government Support for the Private Sector During the COVID-19 Crisis by : Nona Karalashvili

Download or read book Effectiveness of Government Support for the Private Sector During the COVID-19 Crisis written by Nona Karalashvili. This book was released on 2022. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper estimates the effectiveness of government support to the private sector during the COVID-19 pandemic in El Salvador and Georgia using firm-level data collected before and during the pandemic. The two countries are selected because eligibility criteria for support involved pre-pandemic features of firms, as opposed to more prevalent criteria directly linked to firms' experiences during the pandemic and that greatly exacerbate concerns about selection bias in estimation. Four outcome variables are studied relating to firms' workforce, hours of operations, and expectations. Matching and panel estimation techniques are used on full and restricted samples, with the latter aimed at reducing selection bias. Government support appears to have helped firms avoid a reduction in operations in El Salvador, mainly through cash transfers, which also helped in terms of permanent workers, with the latter effect counteracted by wage subsidies. Smaller firms in Georgia appear to have benefited more from government support, mostly through fiscal relief, which was partially counteracted by wage subsidies that benefited larger firms more. The finding that smaller firms have benefited more helps raise confidence in the analysis as strong negative selection bias is expected in this context. Manufacturers of textiles and garments in El Salvador and hotels and restaurants in Georgia appear to have benefited from government support, but the patterns in other sectors are mixed and country-specific, highlighting potential complexities of attempting to target sectors.

Enabling or enfeebling the private sector? Government policy responses and business initiatives during COVID-19

2020-10-26 Political Science
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Release : 2020-10-26
Genre : Political Science
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Book Synopsis Enabling or enfeebling the private sector? Government policy responses and business initiatives during COVID-19 by : Rosenbach, Gracie

Download or read book Enabling or enfeebling the private sector? Government policy responses and business initiatives during COVID-19 written by Rosenbach, Gracie. This book was released on 2020-10-26. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic — at the global, country, and household levels — are dramatic, plunging the world into a recession not experienced in more than a half century (World Bank 2020a). Unlike other recent global crises, such as the food price crisis (2007–2008) or the financial crisis (2008), the pandemic has affected businesses across all industries and sectors, from agriculture to manufacturing to tourism, services, and mining. At the same time, it is spurring new innovations in response to public health needs and technological advances. This policy brief uses data from the COVID-19 Policy Response (CPR) Portal to examine trends in how government COVID-19 response policies have hindered or promoted the private sector, as well as the private sector’s role in combatting the pandemic. Comparing these policies and responses can provide useful insights into best practices for balancing the twin goals of economic and public health during a crisis.

Impacts of COVID-19 on the Private Sector in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations

2020
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Release : 2020
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Book Synopsis Impacts of COVID-19 on the Private Sector in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations by : International Development Association

Download or read book Impacts of COVID-19 on the Private Sector in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations written by International Development Association. This book was released on 2020. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is having a significant negative impact on the private sector in developing economies, and businesses and individuals in fragile and conflict-affected situations are among the most severely affected. The pandemic has evolved rapidly from a health emergency to a global economic crisis, spreading through the real sector and posing growing risks to financial systems. Notable sector-level impacts include supply and demand-based shocks to infrastructure and private healthcare; disruptions to imports, exports, and global and local value chains; and declining agribusiness activity that threatens food insecurity, all leading to financial sector instability. This note examines these sector-level impacts and provides recommendations for how the development community can address them. It advocates, among other things, for balancing short-term, sector-level relief and restructuring efforts with planning for a medium-term to long-term recovery, leveraging upstream interventions to “Build Back Better,” and collaborating with governments and development partners. As fragile and conflict-affected situations face further pandemic-related setbacks on top of already substantial hardships, it is critical that the global development community prioritize support to these vulnerable populations.

Equitable access to COVID-19 tools

2022-04-08 Health & Fitness
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Release : 2022-04-08
Genre : Health & Fitness
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Book Rating : 488/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Equitable access to COVID-19 tools by :

Download or read book Equitable access to COVID-19 tools written by . This book was released on 2022-04-08. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mastering the Risky Business of Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure

2021-05-10 Business & Economics
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Release : 2021-05-10
Genre : Business & Economics
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Book Rating : 569/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Mastering the Risky Business of Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure by : Manal Fouad

Download or read book Mastering the Risky Business of Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure written by Manal Fouad. This book was released on 2021-05-10. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investment in infrastructure can be a driving force of the economic recovery in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of shrinking fiscal space. Public-private partnerships (PPP) bring a promise of efficiency when carefully designed and managed, to avoid creating unnecessary fiscal risks. But fiscal illusions prevent an understanding the sources of fiscal risks, which arise in all infrastructure projects, and that in PPPs present specific characteristics that need to be addressed. PPP contracts are also affected by implicit fiscal risks when they are poorly designed, particularly when a government signs a PPP contract for a project with no financial sustainability. This paper reviews the advantages and inconveniences of PPPs, discusses the fiscal illusions affecting them, identifies a diversity of fiscal risks, and presents the essentials of PPP fiscal risk management.

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