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Dynamics of Young Star Clusters and Associations

2015-09-11 Science
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Release : 2015-09-11
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 902/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Dynamics of Young Star Clusters and Associations by : Cathie Clarke

Download or read book Dynamics of Young Star Clusters and Associations written by Cathie Clarke. This book was released on 2015-09-11. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where do most stars (and the planetary systems that surround them) in the Milky Way form? What determines whether a young star cluster remains bound (such as an open or globular cluster), or disperses to join the field stars in the disc of the Galaxy? These questions not only impact understanding of the origins of stars and planetary systems like our own (and the potential for life to emerge that they represent), but also galaxy formation and evolution, and ultimately the story of star formation over cosmic time in the Universe. This volume will help readers understand our current views concerning the answers to these questions as well as frame new questions that will be answered by the European Space Agency's Gaia satellite that was launched in late 2013. The book contains the elaborated notes of lectures given at the 42nd Saas-Fee Advanced Course “Dynamics of Young Star Clusters & Associations" by Cathie Clarke (University of Cambridge) who presents the theory of star formation and dynamical evolution of stellar systems, Robert Mathieu (University of Wisconsin) who discusses the kinematics of star clusters and associations, and I. Neill Reid (S pace Telescope Science Institute) who provides an overview of the stellar populations in the Milky Way and speculates on from whence came the Sun. As part of the Saas-Fee Advanced Course Series, the book offers an in-depth introduction to the field serving as a starting point for Ph.D. research and as a reference work for professional astrophysicists.

Dynamics of Young Star Clusters and Associations

2015
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Author :
Release : 2015
Genre :
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 910/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Dynamics of Young Star Clusters and Associations by : Cathie Clarke

Download or read book Dynamics of Young Star Clusters and Associations written by Cathie Clarke. This book was released on 2015. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where do most stars (and the planetary systems that surround them) in the Milky Way form? What determines whether a young star cluster remains bound (such as an open or globular cluster), or disperses to join the field stars in the disc of the Galaxy? These questions not only impact understanding of the origins of stars and planetary systems like our own (and the potential for life to emerge that they represent), but also galaxy formation and evolution, and ultimately the story of star formation over cosmic time in the Universe. This volume will help readers understand our current views concerning the answers to these questions as well as frame new questions that will be answered by the European Space Agency's Gaia satellite that was launched in late 2013. The book contains the elaborated notes of lectures given at the 42nd Saas-Fee Advanced Course "Dynamics of Young Star Clusters & Associations" by Cathie Clarke (University of Cambridge) who presents the theory of star formation and dynamical evolution of stellar systems, Robert Mathieu (University of Wisconsin) who discusses the kinematics of star cluster s and associations, and I. Neill Reid (Space Telescope Science Institute) who provides an overview of the stellar populations in the Milky Way and speculates on from whence came the Sun. As part of the Saas-Fee Advanced Course Series, the book offers an in-depth introduction to the field serving as a starting point for Ph.D. research and as a reference work for professional astrophysicists.

The Dynamical Evolution of Young Star Clusters

2010
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Release : 2010
Genre :
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Book Synopsis The Dynamical Evolution of Young Star Clusters by : Richard James Allison

Download or read book The Dynamical Evolution of Young Star Clusters written by Richard James Allison. This book was released on 2010. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stars form in large clouds of cold, dense molecular gas. In these clouds the majority of stars do not form in isolation, but instead form in clusters. The formation of stars and their hos~ clusters are intrinsically linked, and thus to fully understand how stars form we must also understand the formation and early evolution of stellar clusters. The formation of stars is thought to be governed by the turbulent conditions inside these molecular clouds, and due to this the initial conditions of star formation are likely to be spatially complex and dynamically cool. In this Thesis we use fractal spatial distributions (D = 1.6,2.0,2.6 and 3.0) to mimic the complex initial conditions of star formation to investigate how the dynamical evolution of star clusters is affected by variations in the amount of primordial structure. We also use varying initial virial ratios (Q = 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) to investigate what affect the initial kinematics have on a clusters dynamical evolution. I present a new method, based on the minimum spanning tree, which is able to determine and quantify the presence of mass segregation. The method is applied to observations of the ONe, ,vhich we find to be complexly mass segregated, with different levels of mass segregation depending on stellar mass. We find, contrary to common belief, that mass segregation can occur through purely dynamical processes on a short timescale (rv the initial cluster crossing time). We also find that the amount of dynamical mass segregation that occurs is dependant on both the initial structure and virial ratio, where cooler and more structured initial conditions tend to lead to more dramatic dynamical evolution. Additionally, we find that the clumpy and cool initial conditions also lead to the dynamical formation of high-mass multiple systems, which in turn can lead to the ejection of high-mass stars and the destruction of the host cluster itself.

Dynamical Evolution of Dense Stellar Systems (IAU S246)

2008-06-12 Science
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Release : 2008-06-12
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 687/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Dynamical Evolution of Dense Stellar Systems (IAU S246) by : International Astronomical Union. Symposium

Download or read book Dynamical Evolution of Dense Stellar Systems (IAU S246) written by International Astronomical Union. Symposium. This book was released on 2008-06-12. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dense stellar systems lie at the interface between dynamics, stellar evolution, and galaxy formation, and they provide us with an ideal laboratory to understand many different aspects of these important fields as well as to explore the interplay between them. The complete study of dense stellar systems is a very challenging task which requires the collaboration and the exchange of ideas of astronomers and physicists with observational and theoretical expertise in galactic and extra-galactic astronomy, stellar dynamics, hydrodynamics, stellar evolution, as well as knowledge of many aspects of computational physics. IAU Symposium 246 brought together experts in all these areas to cover the broad field of dense stellar systems with particular emphasis on the interplay between them and on the comparison between observations and simulations. This volume provides a complete review of the most recent studies in this topical research.

Dynamics of the Tidal Fields and Formation of Star Clusters in Galaxy Mergers

2010 Galaxy mergers
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Release : 2010
Genre : Galaxy mergers
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Book Synopsis Dynamics of the Tidal Fields and Formation of Star Clusters in Galaxy Mergers by : Florent Renaud

Download or read book Dynamics of the Tidal Fields and Formation of Star Clusters in Galaxy Mergers written by Florent Renaud. This book was released on 2010. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In interacting galaxies, strong tidal forces disturb the global morphology of the progenitors and give birth to the long stellar, gaseous and dusty tails often observed. In addition to this destructive effect, tidal forces can morph into a transient, protective setting called compressive mode. Such modes then shelter the matter in their midst by increasing its gravitational binding energy. This thesis focuses on the study of this poorly known regime by quantifying its properties thanks to numerical and analytical tools applied to a spectacular merging system of two galaxies, commonly known as the Antennae galaxies. N-body simulations of this pair yield compressive modes in the regions where observations reveal a burst of star formation. Furthermore, characteristic time- and energy scales of these modes match well those of self-gravitating substructures such as star clusters and tidal dwarf galaxies. Comparisons with star formation rates derived from hydrodynamical runs confirm the correlation between the location of compressive modes and sites where star formation is likely to show enhanced activity. Altogether, these results suggest that the compressive modes of tidal fields plays an important role in the formation and evolution of young clusters, at least in a statistical sense, over a lapse of ~10 million years. Preliminary results from simulations of stellar associations highlight the importance of embedding the clusters in the evolving background galaxies to account precisely for their morphology and internal evolution. These conclusions have been extended to numerous configurations of interacting galaxies and remain robust to a variation of the main parameters that characterize a merger. We report however a clear anti-correlation between the importance of the compressive mode and the distance between the galaxies. Further studies including hydrodynamics are now underway and will help pin down the exact role of the compressive mode on the formation and later survival of star clusters. Early comparisons with such computations suggest that compressive modes act as catalysts or triggers of star formation.

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