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Disentangling Climate and Disturbance Effects on Regional Vegetation Greening Trends

2019 Climatic changes
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Release : 2019
Genre : Climatic changes
Kind : eBook
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Book Synopsis Disentangling Climate and Disturbance Effects on Regional Vegetation Greening Trends by : Kristen D. Emmett

Download or read book Disentangling Climate and Disturbance Effects on Regional Vegetation Greening Trends written by Kristen D. Emmett. This book was released on 2019. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Productivity of northern latitude forests is an important driver of the terrestrial carbon cycle and is already responding to climate change. Studies of the satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for northern latitudes indicate recent changes in plant productivity. These detected greening and browning trends are often attributed to a lengthening of the growing season from warming temperatures. Yet, disturbance-recovery dynamics are strong drivers of productivity and can mask direct effects of climate change. Here, we analyze 1-km resolution NDVI data from 1989 to 2014 for the northern latitude forests of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem for changes in plant productivity to address the following questions: (1) To what degree has greening taken place in the GYE over the past three decades? and (2) What is the relative importance of disturbance and climate in explaining NDVI trends? We found that the spatial extents of statistically significant productivity trends were limited to local greening and browning areas. Disturbance history, predominately fire disturbance, was a major driver of these detected NDVI trends. After accounting for fire-, insect-, and human-caused disturbances, increasing productivity trends remained. Productivity of northern latitude forests is generally considered temperature-limited; yet, we found that precipitation was a key driver of greening in the GYE.

Understanding Northern Latitude Vegetation Greening and Browning

2019-04-18 Science
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Release : 2019-04-18
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 770/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Northern Latitude Vegetation Greening and Browning by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Understanding Northern Latitude Vegetation Greening and Browning written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. This book was released on 2019-04-18. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vegetation change has been observed across Arctic and boreal regions. Studies have often documented large-scale greening trends, but they have also identified areas of browning or shifts between greening and browning over varying spatial extents and time periods. At the same time, though, there are large portions of these ecosystems that have not exhibited measurable trends in greening or browning. These findings have fueled many questions about the drivers of vegetation dynamics, how trends are measured, and potential implications of vegetation change at local to global scales. In December 2018, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, convened a workshop to discuss opportunities to improve understanding of greening and browning trends and drivers and the implications of these vegetation changes. The discussions included a close look at many of the methodological approaches used to evaluate greening and browning, as well as exploration of newer technologies that may help advance the science. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Greening of the Earth and Its Drivers

2016
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Release : 2016
Genre :
Kind : eBook
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Book Synopsis Greening of the Earth and Its Drivers by :

Download or read book Greening of the Earth and Its Drivers written by . This book was released on 2016. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global environmental change is rapidly altering the dynamics of terrestrial vegetation, with consequences for the functioning of the Earth system and provision of ecosystem services1, 2. Yet how global vegetation is responding to the changing environment is not well established. Here we use three long-term satellite leaf area index (LAI) records and ten global ecosystem models to investigate four key drivers of LAI trends during 1982 2009. We show a persistent and widespread increase of growing season integrated LAI (greening) over 25% to 50% of the global vegetated area, whereas less than 4% of the globe shows decreasing LAI (browning). Factorial simulations with multiple global ecosystem models suggest that CO2 fertilization effects explain 70% of the observed greening trend, followed by nitrogen deposition (9%), climate change (8%) and land cover change (LCC) (4%). CO2 fertilization effects explain most of the greening trends in the tropics, whereas climate change resulted in greening of the high latitudes and the Tibetan Plateau. LCC contributed most to the regional greening observed in southeast China and the eastern United States. In conclusion, the regional effects of unexplained factors suggest that the next generation of ecosystem models will need to explore the impacts of forest demography, differences in regional management intensities for cropland and pastures, and other emerging productivity constraints such as phosphorus availability.

Global Vegetation and Land Surface Dynamics in a Changing Climate

2021-03-19 Science
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Release : 2021-03-19
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 024/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Global Vegetation and Land Surface Dynamics in a Changing Climate by : Pinki Mondal

Download or read book Global Vegetation and Land Surface Dynamics in a Changing Climate written by Pinki Mondal. This book was released on 2021-03-19. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global ecosystem changes are influenced by a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors. Ongoing changes in rainfall, temperature, and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can affect natural or managed vegetation, such as forest, grassland, or farmland. Moreover, anthropogenic pressures, such as forest clearing, cattle grazing, increasing infrastructural development, intensive management, and expansion of cropland, can contribute to ecosystem degradation. This collection presents a wide range of studies examining natural and anthropogenic drivers in diverse ecosystems in Africa, Asia, and North America.

Environment, Climate, Plant and Vegetation Growth

2020-10-05 Science
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Release : 2020-10-05
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 321/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Environment, Climate, Plant and Vegetation Growth by : Shah Fahad

Download or read book Environment, Climate, Plant and Vegetation Growth written by Shah Fahad. This book was released on 2020-10-05. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an up-to-date account of the current understanding of climate change and global warming related to environment, climate, plant and vegetation growth. The aim of this book is to provide a platform for scientists and academics world-wide to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in the area of plant and vegetation growth related to climate change. Over the next decades, it is predicted that billions of people, particularly those in developing countries, face shortages of water and food and greater risks to health and life as a result of climate change. Concerted global action is needed to enable developing countries to adapt to the effects of climate change that are happening now and will worsen in the future. The book will also enhance the understanding on issues related to climate change, giving a clear indication of a looming global warming crisis. Addressing global climate change is a monumental battle that can only be fought by the leaders of tomorrow, but future leaders are molded through education and shaped by the leaders of today.

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