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Constructed Wetland for municipal sewage wastewater treatment in Middle East/North Africa [MENA] (Iran)

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Release : 2013-06-04
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 867/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Constructed Wetland for municipal sewage wastewater treatment in Middle East/North Africa [MENA] (Iran) by : Emelda Orakwue

Download or read book Constructed Wetland for municipal sewage wastewater treatment in Middle East/North Africa [MENA] (Iran) written by Emelda Orakwue. This book was released on 2013-06-04. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wissenschaftliche Studie aus dem Jahr 2013 im Fachbereich Geowissenschaften / Geographie - Geologie, Mineralogie, Bodenkunde, , Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA region) is located between longitudes 130 W and 600 E between latitudes 150 N and 400 N covering a surface area of about 11.1 million square kilometers or about 8% of the area of the world (Fig. 1). MENA is the home for about 300 million people, or about 5% of the world's population, with an average annual population growth rate of 1.7% (World Bank, 2005). The 21 countries in the MENA region have many similarities of arid conditions (85% of the area is desert). Water resources are adversely affected as a result of changes in climate, population, economic development and environmental considerations. The MENA region can be considered as the most water-scarce region of the world (Droogers et al., 2012). Iran (one of the countries in the Middle East located in southwest Asia) was used as the case study because certain parameters (precipitation, evapotranspiration, temperature and population equivalent) used were derived from this country. Iran has a complete desert climate that is very hot in the summer and relatively cold in the winter with scarce rainfall of 200 mm/year and high evapotranspiration (Droogers et al., 2012). Water crisis has appeared in Iran as a serious problem. There are reasons for that: (1) Lack of proper water management and (2) Occurrence of drought (Motiee et al., 2000) Consequent to severe water scarcity, there is need for treatment of the generated wastewater for reuse. Constructed Wetland is one of the secondary treatments for treating primary effluent. This was designed to treat municipal sewage wastewater for one thousand persons in Iran.

Wastewater Reuse und Management in TheMmiddle East and North Africa Region

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Author :
Release : 2010
Genre : Graywater (Domestic wastewater)
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 677/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Wastewater Reuse und Management in TheMmiddle East and North Africa Region by : Azmi Ghneim

Download or read book Wastewater Reuse und Management in TheMmiddle East and North Africa Region written by Azmi Ghneim. This book was released on 2010. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The MENA region is the driest in the world. Irrigated agriculture consumes the largest volume of water resources due to the continuous demand for food production. A huge potential for satisfying this increasing demand exists in the reuse of municipal wastewater in agriculture. This book emphasizes the importance of appropriate water policies and the enabling institutional setting in successful wastewater management and reuse. The in-depth-analysis is presented through the case study of Jordan."--Page 4 of cover. Die MENA (Mittlerer Osten und Nordafrika) ist das trockenste Gebiet der Welt. Die nutzbaren Wasserressourcen gehen zurück, während die Nachfrage - auf Grund eines raschen Bevölkerungswachstums – steigt. Bewässerte Ackerflächen verbrauchen die größte Menge der Wasserressourcen als ein Ergebnis fortwährender Nachfrage für die Nahrungsproduktion. Ein großes Potential diese steigende Nachfrage zu befriedigen, besteht darin, kommunales Abwasser in der Landwirtschaft wiederzuverwenden. Die Wiederverwendung aufbereiteten Abwassers in der Landwirtschaft führt zu zusätzlichen Wassermengen für die Bewässerung and gibt gleichzeitig Frischwasser frei, das wieder in den öffentlichen Wassersektor eingeleitet werden kann, wo höhere Wasserqualität benötigt wird. Zur Zeit wird in einigen MENA Ländern bereits aufbereitetes Abwasser genutzt. Trotzdem sind diese Mengen im Vergleich zu aufbereiteten Abwässern noch sehr gering. Die wichtigste These dieser Dissertation besteht darin, anzunehmen, dass die Ausweitung des Konflikts über Frischwasser zwischen den verschiedenen Wassersektoren zu vermehrter Wiederverwendung von Abwasser in der Landwirtschaft führen kann. Darüber hinaus hat die mangelnde Wiederverwendung von Abwasser weniger mit teuren Behandlungskosten als viel mehr mit dem Fehlen von geeigneten Wasserpolitiken und angemessenen institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen zu tun. Die Zielsetzung dieser Dissertation ist die Analyse von Politiken, rechtlichen und institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen sowie die Komponenten der Wiederverwendung von Abwasser in der Landwirtschaft. Ein systematischer Ansatz wurde gewählt, um die existierenden organisatorischen Strukturen sowie die Rollen und Verantwortlichkeiten der unterschiedlichen Akteure bei der Wiederverwendung von Abwasser zu identifizieren. Die Analyse wird durch die Fallstudie „Jordanien“ vertieft. Als Grundlage dient in dieser Dissertation die ausführliche Durchsicht der zugänglichen Literatur, die Richtliniendokumente und Gesetze über die Wiederverwendung von Abwasser in Jordanien.

Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in the Middle East and North Africa Region (MENA)

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Author :
Release : 2000
Genre :
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in the Middle East and North Africa Region (MENA) by :

Download or read book Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in the Middle East and North Africa Region (MENA) written by . This book was released on 2000. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Municipal Wastewater Treatment Using Constructed Wetland and Limestone

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Author :
Release : 2010
Genre : Constructed wetlands
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Municipal Wastewater Treatment Using Constructed Wetland and Limestone by : Neny Soffiana Sofyan Effendy

Download or read book Municipal Wastewater Treatment Using Constructed Wetland and Limestone written by Neny Soffiana Sofyan Effendy. This book was released on 2010. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Greywater Use in the Middle East

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Author :
Release : 2010
Genre : Nature
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 982/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Greywater Use in the Middle East by : Stephen McIlwaine

Download or read book Greywater Use in the Middle East written by Stephen McIlwaine. This book was released on 2010. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In water-scarce areas of the Middle East, greywater (household wastewater excluding toilet waste) is commonly used by poor communities to irrigate home gardens. This both supplements the water available to the household and improves food security. This book draws together material presented at a conference in Jordan in 2007, and examines the technical approaches to treating and using greywater for irrigation, including its associated risks to health and the environment. It discusses many of the non-technical issues that influence effectiveness and sustainability of greywater use. It also takes a hard look at economic issues, arguing that more clarity and consistency from policymakers is essential if low-income, water-stressed communities are to make better and safer use of their existing water supplies. The book concludes by offering suggestions for where donor efforts and research could best be focused in the near future.Greywater use in the Middle East is important reading for researchers, donors, implementing agencies, and policymakers, in the fields of water supply, water reuse, livelihoods and agriculture.

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