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Author : Joseph Francois
Release : 2019-11-07
Genre : Business & Economics
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 537/5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Behind-the-Border Policies by : Joseph Francois
Download or read book Behind-the-Border Policies written by Joseph Francois. This book was released on 2019-11-07. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a contemporary overview of key issues related to non-tariff trade policy measures and domestic regulation.
Author : Julien Berthoumieu
Release : 2015
Genre :
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis The Impact of 'At-the-Border' and 'Behind-the-Border' Policies on Cost-Reducing Research and Development by : Julien Berthoumieu
Download or read book The Impact of 'At-the-Border' and 'Behind-the-Border' Policies on Cost-Reducing Research and Development written by Julien Berthoumieu. This book was released on 2015. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research paper is aimed at understanding why border trade policies are today complemented with behind-the-border policies like output subsidies, R&D subsidies, and public R&D investments. This is a new type of protectionism that becomes prominent since the 2006-2008 economic crisis. In this paper we analyze the impact of various policies on domestic cost-reducing research and development (R&D) expenditures using an international duopolistic model with uncertainty regarding the result of the R&D process. We examine the impact of “at-the-border” policies (import tariffs, import quotas, voluntary export restraints, and minimum price agreements) as well as “behind-the-border” policies (output subsidies, R&D subsidies, and public R&D investments). We demonstrate new theoretical findings, in particular the increasing then decreasing impact of quotas on R&D, as well as the impact of production subsidies, public R&D investments, and minimum price agreements on private R&D. We conclude that R&D subsidies are appealing policy instruments because they support not only domestic R&D expenditures but also domestic production and profits without reducing consumers' surplus.
Author : Christopher Heath Wellman
Release : 2011-09-30
Genre : Philosophy
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 721/5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Debating the Ethics of Immigration by : Christopher Heath Wellman
Download or read book Debating the Ethics of Immigration written by Christopher Heath Wellman. This book was released on 2011-09-30. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do states have the right to prevent potential immigrants from crossing their borders, or should people have the freedom to migrate and settle wherever they wish? Christopher Heath Wellman and Phillip Cole develop and defend opposing answers to this timely and important question. Appealing to the right to freedom of association, Wellman contends that legitimate states have broad discretion to exclude potential immigrants, even those who desperately seek to enter. Against this, Cole argues that the commitment to the moral equality of all human beings - which legitimate states can be expected to hold - means national borders must be open: equal respect requires equal access, both to territory and membership; and that the idea of open borders is less radical than it seems when we consider how many territorial and community boundaries have this open nature. In addition to engaging with each other's arguments, Wellman and Cole address a range of central questions and prominent positions on this topic. The authors therefore provide a critical overview of the major contributions to the ethics of migration, as well as developing original, provocative positions of their own.
Author : Todd Miller
Release : 2019-08-06
Genre : Social Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 148/5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Empire of Borders by : Todd Miller
Download or read book Empire of Borders written by Todd Miller. This book was released on 2019-08-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is outsourcing its border patrol abroad—and essentially expanding its borders in the process The twenty-first century has witnessed the rapid hardening of international borders. Security, surveillance, and militarization are widening the chasm between those who travel where they please and those whose movements are restricted. But that is only part of the story. As journalist Todd Miller reveals in Empire of Borders, the nature of US borders has changed. These boundaries have effectively expanded thousands of miles outside of US territory to encircle not simply American land but Washington’s interests. Resources, training, and agents from the United States infiltrate the Caribbean and Central America; they reach across the Canadian border; and they go even farther afield, enforcing the division between Global South and North. The highly publicized focus on a wall between the United States and Mexico misses the bigger picture of strengthening border enforcement around the world. Empire of Borders is a tremendous work of narrative investigative journalism that traces the rise of this border regime. It delves into the practices of “extreme vetting,” which raise the possibility of “ideological” tests and cyber-policing for migrants and visitors, a level of scrutiny that threatens fundamental freedoms and allows, once again, for America’s security concerns to infringe upon the sovereign rights of other nations. In Syria, Guatemala, Kenya, Palestine, Mexico, the Philippines, and elsewhere, Miller finds that borders aren’t making the world safe—they are the frontline in a global war against the poor.
Author : Douglas S. Massey
Release : 2002-03-14
Genre : Social Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 829/5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Beyond Smoke and Mirrors by : Douglas S. Massey
Download or read book Beyond Smoke and Mirrors written by Douglas S. Massey. This book was released on 2002-03-14. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migration between Mexico and the United States is part of a historical process of increasing North American integration. This process acquired new momentum with the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement in 1994, which lowered barriers to the movement of goods, capital, services, and information. But rather than include labor in this new regime, the United States continues to resist the integration of the labor markets of the two countries. Instead of easing restrictions on Mexican labor, the United States has militarized its border and adopted restrictive new policies of immigrant disenfranchisement. Beyond Smoke and Mirrors examines the devastating impact of these immigration policies on the social and economic fabric of the Mexico and the United States, and calls for a sweeping reform of the current system. Beyond Smoke and Mirrors shows how U.S. immigration policies enacted between 1986–1996—largely for symbolic domestic political purposes—harm the interests of Mexico, the United States, and the people who migrate between them. The costs have been high. The book documents how the massive expansion of border enforcement has wasted billions of dollars and hundreds of lives, yet has not deterred increasing numbers of undocumented immigrants from heading north. The authors also show how the new policies unleashed a host of unintended consequences: a shift away from seasonal, circular migration toward permanent settlement; the creation of a black market for Mexican labor; the transformation of Mexican immigration from a regional phenomenon into a broad social movement touching every region of the country; and even the lowering of wages for legal U.S. residents. What had been a relatively open and benign labor process before 1986 was transformed into an exploitative underground system of labor coercion, one that lowered wages and working conditions of undocumented migrants, legal immigrants, and American citizens alike. Beyond Smoke and Mirrors offers specific proposals for repairing the damage. Rather than denying the reality of labor migration, the authors recommend regularizing it and working to manage it so as to promote economic development in Mexico, minimize costs and disruptions for the United States, and maximize benefits for all concerned. This book provides an essential "user's manual" for readers seeking a historical, theoretical, and substantive understanding of how U.S. policy on Mexican immigration evolved to its current dysfunctional state, as well as how it might be fixed.
