1# Library to Find Best eBook for Read
Author : Patrick Charles Taylor
Release : 2023-03-15
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 536/5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Arctic amplification: Feedback process interactions and contributions by : Patrick Charles Taylor
Download or read book Arctic amplification: Feedback process interactions and contributions written by Patrick Charles Taylor. This book was released on 2023-03-15. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Emma Beer
Release : 2023
Genre :
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Oceanic and Atmospheric Processes that Contribute to Arctic Warming by : Emma Beer
Download or read book Oceanic and Atmospheric Processes that Contribute to Arctic Warming written by Emma Beer. This book was released on 2023. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surface temperature in the Arctic has warmed at twice the rate of the global mean temperature during recent decades. This Arctic amplification of global warming has been a striking feature of climate change, and many studies have investigated what processes contribute to this phenomenon. Many of these processes are often described in the context of climate feedbacks using analyses focused on top-of-the-atmosphere radiative changes. In this context, regional surface warming can then be partitioned into contributions from each feedback process. However, this partitioning can be complicated by interactions between feedbacks themselves and atmospheric heat transport. In the second chapter, we instead apply a feedback-locking approach and evaluate the resulting changes in surface temperature. These results are strikingly different from previous feedback analyses, highlighting the important role of interactions within the climate system. This chapter and many other previous studies focus only on the role of atmospheric and surface processes in Arctic amplification. However, substantial questions remain regarding the role of ocean heat transport. In the third chapter, we investigate changes in oceanic heat fluxes under global warming. We find a mechanism associated with the presence of sea ice that drives enhanced horizontal ocean heat transport into the Arctic region and can contribute substantially to Arctic amplification if this heat is allowed to reach the surface. Currently, only a small amount of the heat stored at depth in the Arctic Ocean can reach the surface, but recent observational studies have argued that sea ice retreat could result in enhanced vertical mixing. In the fourth chapter, we investigate the impacts of a positive feedback whereby increased vertical mixing due to sea ice retreat causes the previously isolated subsurface Arctic Ocean heat to melt more sea ice. We find that an abrupt "tipping point" can occur under global warming, with an associated hysteresis window, for a limited range of parameters. Throughout the thesis, we use idealized models to show how ocean and climate processes can impact Arctic warming, providing insights into possible physical mechanisms that could be at play now or in the future.
Author : Constantin Andronache
Release : 2017-09-28
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 50X/5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Mixed-Phase Clouds by : Constantin Andronache
Download or read book Mixed-Phase Clouds written by Constantin Andronache. This book was released on 2017-09-28. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixed-Phase Clouds: Observations and Modeling presents advanced research topics on mixed-phase clouds. As the societal impacts of extreme weather and its forecasting grow, there is a continuous need to refine atmospheric observations, techniques and numerical models. Understanding the role of clouds in the atmosphere is increasingly vital for current applications, such as prediction and prevention of aircraft icing, weather modification, and the assessment of the effects of cloud phase partition in climate models. This book provides the essential information needed to address these problems with a focus on current observations, simulations and applications. Provides in-depth knowledge and simulation of mixed-phase clouds over many regions of Earth, explaining their role in weather and climate Features current research examples and case studies, including those on advanced research methods from authors with experience in both academia and the industry Discusses the latest advances in this subject area, providing the reader with access to best practices for remote sensing and numerical modeling
Author : Julie M. Sanchez
Release : 2022
Genre :
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Investigating the Causes of Arctic Amplification by : Julie M. Sanchez
Download or read book Investigating the Causes of Arctic Amplification written by Julie M. Sanchez. This book was released on 2022. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Observations and model simulations have shown the Arctic to be warming the fastest when compared to the rest of the world, a phenomenon known as Arctic Amplification (AA). The Arctic sea ice extent has decreased in every month and season since 1979. There is not yet a definitive "cause" for this downward trend in the Arctic, but a number of studies conclude opposing processes likely are involved, such as sea ice-albedo feedback and horizontal moisture and heat transports. In this dissertation, I examine the associations between AA and physical mechanisms, particularly the moisture flux convergence, surface air temperature, surface skin temperature, and variables from the surface energy budget (i.e., turbulent heat fluxes, solar radiation, and downward IR). I use a combination of observation and reanalysis-based approaches, specifically for the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) due to increased surface melt in recent years. I use the ECMWF Reanalysis (ERA-Interim) to investigate the GrIS surface energy balance to determine what portion of the ice-sheet surface skin temperature increase over the 1979 to 2016 period can be attributed to the downward longwave and solar radiation, latent and sensible heat fluxes, and residual conduction. I show a dominance by the downward longwave radiation in all months and seasons, which is an important contributor to surface melt on the GrIS. I then analyze the surface observation dataset Programme for Monitoring of the Greenland Ice Sheet (PROMICE; Ashlstrøm & PROMICE project team 2008) to determine how surface air temperature and other climate variables (e.g., latent and sensible heat fluxes, downward IR, shortwave radiation, surface pressure) are significantly related. Using data from the PROMICE stations allows the investigation of the physical mechanisms at a smaller geographic scale on the GrIS. Multiple variables were shown to be statistically significantly related to air temperature in all stations, but as expected the downward IR was statistically significant in both in the multivariate regression and the multilevel model for all stations. Last, to determine whether the flux of moisture into the Arctic is dominantly local or from lower latitudes, I analyze the moisture flux convergence (MFC) using the ERA-I for the period 1979 to 2014. The direction of the flux vectors mainly originates from the midlatitudes, creating a positive trend of MFC over the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), while moisture from the Arctic creates a negative trend of MFC over the GrIS. The results presented in this dissertation show the importance of understanding the cause of increasing temperatures in Arctic Amplification, as greenhouse gases continue to rise.
Author : Peter Lemke
Release : 2011-11-22
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 270/5 ( reviews)
Book Synopsis Arctic Climate Change by : Peter Lemke
Download or read book Arctic Climate Change written by Peter Lemke. This book was released on 2011-11-22. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic is now experiencing some of the most rapid and severe climate change on earth. Over the next 100 years, climate change is expected to accelerate, contributing to major physical, ecological, social, and economic changes, many of which have already begun. Changes in arctic climate will also affect the rest of the world through increased global warming and rising sea levels. The volume addresses the following major topics: - Research results in observing aspects of the Arctic climate system and its processes across a range of time and space scales - Representation of cryospheric, atmospheric, and oceanic processes in models, including simulation of their interaction with coupled models - Our understanding of the role of the Arctic in the global climate system, its response to large-scale climate variations, and the processes involved.
