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Funding a Revolution

1999-02-11 Computers
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Release : 1999-02-11
Genre : Computers
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Book Rating : 780/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Funding a Revolution by : National Research Council

Download or read book Funding a Revolution written by National Research Council. This book was released on 1999-02-11. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past 50 years have witnessed a revolution in computing and related communications technologies. The contributions of industry and university researchers to this revolution are manifest; less widely recognized is the major role the federal government played in launching the computing revolution and sustaining its momentum. Funding a Revolution examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. It reviews the economic rationale for government support of research, characterizes federal support for computing research, and summarizes key historical advances in which government-sponsored research played an important role. Funding a Revolution contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality that demonstrate the complex interactions among government, universities, and industry that have driven the field. It offers a series of lessons that identify factors contributing to the success of the nation's computing enterprise and the government's role within it.

Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology

1995-11-22 Political Science
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Release : 1995-11-22
Genre : Political Science
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Book Rating : 00X/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology by : National Research Council

Download or read book Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology written by National Research Council. This book was released on 1995-11-22. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States faces a new challengeâ€"maintaining the vitality of its system for supporting science and technology despite fiscal stringency during the next several years. To address this change, the Senate Appropriations Committee requested a report from the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering and the Institute of Medicine to address "the criteria that should be used in judging the appropriate allocation of funds to research and development activities; to examine the appropriate balance among different types of institutions that conduct such research; and to look at the means of assuring continued objectivity in the allocation process." In this eagerly-awaited book, a committee of experts selected by the National Academies and the Institute responds with 13 recommendations that propose a new budgeting process and formulates a series of questions to address during that process. The committee also makes corollary recommendations about merit review, government oversight, linking research and development to government missions, the synergy between research and education, and other topics. The recommendations are aimed at rooting out obsolete and inadequate activities to free resources from good programs for even better ones, in the belief that "science and technology will be at least as important in the future as they have been in the past in dealing with problems that confront the nation." The authoring committee of this book was chaired by Frank Press, former President of the National Academy of Sciences (1981-1993) and Presidential Science and Technology Advisor (1977-1981).

Report, Government Sponsored and Government Supported Research

1955 Social sciences
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Release : 1955
Genre : Social sciences
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Report, Government Sponsored and Government Supported Research by : National Science Foundation (U.S.)

Download or read book Report, Government Sponsored and Government Supported Research written by National Science Foundation (U.S.). This book was released on 1955. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Evaluating Federal Research Programs

1999-02-24 Political Science
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Release : 1999-02-24
Genre : Political Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 982/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Evaluating Federal Research Programs by : Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy

Download or read book Evaluating Federal Research Programs written by Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy. This book was released on 1999-02-24. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), passed by Congress in 1993, requires that federal agencies write five-year strategic plans with annual performance goals and produce an annual report that demonstrates whether the goals have been met. The first performance reports are due in March 2000. Measuring the performance of basic research is particularly challenging because major breakthroughs can be unpredictable and difficult to assess in the short term. This book recommends that federal agencies use an "expert review" method to examine the quality of research they support, the relevance of that research to their mission, and whether the research is at the international forefront of scientific and technological knowledge. It also addresses the issues of matching evaluation measurements to the character of the research performed, improving coordination among agencies when research is in the same field, and including a human resource development component in GPRA strategic and performance plans.

Liberty and Research and Development

2002-08-01 Political Science
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Release : 2002-08-01
Genre : Political Science
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Book Rating : 428/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Liberty and Research and Development by : Tibor R. Machan

Download or read book Liberty and Research and Development written by Tibor R. Machan. This book was released on 2002-08-01. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to this volume explore the implications of government funding of scientific research and offer alternatives to the heavy reliance on government support that research and development (R&D) currently enjoys. Each author squarely confronts the problems arising from the idea that government funding of R&D is and ought to be the norm.

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