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Tabletop Coherent Extreme Ultraviolet and Soft X-ray Sources Based on High Harmonic Generation

2014
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Release : 2014
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Book Synopsis Tabletop Coherent Extreme Ultraviolet and Soft X-ray Sources Based on High Harmonic Generation by : Chien-Jen Lai (Ph. D.)

Download or read book Tabletop Coherent Extreme Ultraviolet and Soft X-ray Sources Based on High Harmonic Generation written by Chien-Jen Lai (Ph. D.). This book was released on 2014. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High harmonic generation (HHG) is a fascinating strong-field physics phenomenon that occurs when a laser pulse with a moderate intensity interacts with atoms and partially ionizes the atoms. A series of harmonics are generated at similar efficiencies and extend to a few tenth, even thousandth, order harmonics at the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray range. Such an unprecedented broadband and coherent spectrum thus has many novel applications, one of which is to build tabletop coherent EUV and soft X-ray sources. The development of EUV and soft X-ray lasers is very challenging because of the strong absorption of these wavelengths in almost all materials and the lack of appropriate reflection optics. So far, bright coherent EUV and soft X-ray sources are only available at several large-scale facilities, like free-electron lasers. However, the demands for coherent EUV sources is growing due to the advances in atomic physics, chemistry, and material science. Therefore, lab-scale EUV sources are highly desirable for these novel applications and research opportunities, and HHG emerges as a promising technology toward this goal. This thesis will present my PhD work on HHG. It includes the numerical models developed to simulate HHG either on single-atom scale or for a macroscopic medium, the modification to the current theoretical model, the analysis of the influence of plasma defocusing on HHG, the study of the wavelength scaling of HHG efficiency and cutoff with visible and near-infrared (IR) lasers, and the generation of multi-mJ ultrashort mid-IR (2.6 mJ, 39 fs, and 2 tm central wavelength) pulses at kHz repetition rate in the aim of extending the cutoff of HHG. With the kHz mid-IR pulses, an EUV source providing up to 108 photons/sec at 160 eV has been demonstrated, and photons in the water window range have also been detected. At the end, a chapter will summarize these research works and propose some possible future directions.

X-Ray Lasers 2012

2013-09-17 Science
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Release : 2013-09-17
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 967/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis X-Ray Lasers 2012 by : Stéphane Sebban

Download or read book X-Ray Lasers 2012 written by Stéphane Sebban. This book was released on 2013-09-17. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings comprise of invited and contributed papers presented at the 13th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers (ICXRL 2012) which was held 11–15 June 2012 in Paris, France, in the famous Quartier Latin, inside the historical Center of Cordeliers. This conference is part of a continuing series dedicated to recent developments and applications of x-ray lasers and other coherent x-ray sources with attention to supporting technologies and instrumentation. New results in the generation of intense coherent x-rays and progress towards practical devices and their applications are reported in these proceedings, including areas of research in plasma-based x-ray lasers, 4th generation accelerator-based sources and higher harmonic generation. Recent achievements related to the increase of the repetition rate up to 100 Hz and shorter wavelength collisional plasma-based soft x-ray lasers down to about 7 nm are presented. Seeding the amplifying plasma with a femtosecond high-order harmonic of infrared laser was foreseen as the required breakthrough to break the picosecond frontier. Numerical simulations based on the Maxwell-Bloch model are presented in these proceedings, transposing the chirped pulse amplification technique to the x-ray domain in order to increase the time over which the femtosecond seed can be amplified. These proceedings also include innovative applications of soft x–ray lasers based on techniques and diagnostics relevant to topical domains such as EUV lithography, inertial confinement fusion, or warm dense matter physics.

Phase-matched High Order Harmonic Generation and Application

2013 X-ray lasers
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Release : 2013
Genre : X-ray lasers
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 281/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Phase-matched High Order Harmonic Generation and Application by : Dinh Ba Khuong

Download or read book Phase-matched High Order Harmonic Generation and Application written by Dinh Ba Khuong. This book was released on 2013. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High order harmonic generation (HHG) produced by the interaction of an intense laser pulse and a gas medium can provide a table top scale coherent radiation source in the short wavelength range from the extreme ultraviolet to the soft x-ray region. This book presents a study based on high order harmonic generation in a semi-infinite gas cell. Two novel schemes are presented which have been used to enhance the quality of the HHG source including the conversion efficiency, the coherence, and the cut-off photon energy. This book focuses on the phase matching of the non-linear conversion process which is the main limitation to the quality of the HHG source. In the first scheme, a combination of lens and axicon is used to create a Bessel Gaussian beam instead of only a Gaussian beam and the presence of a new geometrical phase mismatch term is demonstrated. This allows us to compensate for the phase mismatch and thus to enhance the phase matching condition. In the second scheme, the phase matching is controlled by a means of an off-axis beam. When the phase mismatch is varied, mainly due to a change in the dipole phase term, the harmonic emission can be destroyed or enhanced. This technique provides the possibility to generate very high harmonic photon energies.

X-Ray Lasers 2016

2018-02-23 Science
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Release : 2018-02-23
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 258/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis X-Ray Lasers 2016 by : Tetsuya Kawachi

Download or read book X-Ray Lasers 2016 written by Tetsuya Kawachi. This book was released on 2018-02-23. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings comprise a selection of invited and contributed papers presented at the 15th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers (ICXRL 2016), held at the Nara Kasugano International Forum, Japan, from May 22 to 27, 2016. This conference was part of an ongoing series dedicated to recent developments in the science and technology of x-ray lasers and other coherent x-ray sources with additional focus on supporting technologies, instrumentation and applications. The book showcases recent advances in the generation of intense, coherent x-rays, the development of practical devices and their applications across a wide variety of fields. It also discusses emerging topics such as plasma-based x-ray lasers, 4th generation accelerator-based sources and higher harmonic generations, as well as other x-ray generation schemes.

Soft X-Ray Microscopy and Metrology

2001
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Release : 2001
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Book Synopsis Soft X-Ray Microscopy and Metrology by :

Download or read book Soft X-Ray Microscopy and Metrology written by . This book was released on 2001. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This AFOSR grant has been used to support graduate students in the areas of coherence and microscopy at soft x-ray wavelengths. Techniques were developed for characterizing the spatial coherence of undulator radiation, table top soft x-ray lasers, and high harmonic generation of femtosecond pulses at short wavelengths, all in the 1-50 nm wavelength regime. With varying additional attributes, all three sources provide radiation exhibiting a high degree of spatial coherence. In the area of high resolution soft x-ray microscopy, a spatial resolution of 23 nanometers has been demonstrated using new, best-in-the-world, Fresnel zone plate lenses, special nanometer test patterns, and bending magnet radiation in the 1-4 nm region. State-of-the-art images have been obtained of magnetic recording materials with sub-5O nm domains, cryo-prepared biological samples showing detailed views of cells and sub-cellular structures, and modern nanochip interconnects. A new text has been published: D. Attwood, "Soft X-rays and Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation: Principles and Applications" (Cambridge Univ. Press, UK 2000). Several reprints are attached: "Soft X-ray Microscopy to 25 nm with Applications to Biology and Magnetic Materials" (NIM A, v467-468, p841-844, 2001); "Spatial Coherence and Properties of Undulator Radiation Based on Thompson-Wolf Two-pinhole Measurement" (NIM A, v467-468, p913-916, 2001); "Spatial Coherence Characterization of Undulator Radiation" (Optics Communications, v182, p25-34, 2000); "Achievement of Essentially Full Spatial Coherence in a High-Average-Power Soft X-ray Laser" (Phys. Rev. A, v63 n3, p33802-1 to 33802-5, 2001); "Nanofabrication and Diffractive Optics for High-Resolution X-ray Applications" (J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, v18 n6, p2970-2975, Nov-Dec 2000); "High-Resolution Soft X-ray Microscopy" (Proc. of SPIE Reprint, v4146, p171-175, 2000); "Experimental Analysis of High-Resolution Soft X-ray Microscopy" (Proc. of SPIE Reprint, v4499, p134-141, 2001).7.

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