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Models of Discovery

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Release : 2012-12-06
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 213/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Models of Discovery by : Herbert A. Simon

Download or read book Models of Discovery written by Herbert A. Simon. This book was released on 2012-12-06. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We respect Herbert A. Simon as an established leader of empirical and logical analysis in the human sciences while we happily think of him as also the loner; of course he works with many colleagues but none can match him. He has been writing fruitfully and steadily for four decades in many fields, among them psychology, logic, decision theory, economics, computer science, management, production engineering, information and control theory, operations research, confirmation theory, and we must have omitted several. With all of them, he is at once the technical scientist and the philosophical critic and analyst. When writing of decisions and actions, he is at the interface of philosophy of science, decision theory, philosophy of the specific social sciences, and inventory theory (itself, for him, at the interface of economic theory, production engineering and information theory). When writing on causality, he is at the interface of methodology, metaphysics, logic and philosophy of physics, systems theory, and so on. Not that the interdisciplinary is his orthodoxy; we are delighted that he has chosen to include in this book both his early and little-appreciated treatment of straightforward philosophy of physics - the axioms of Newtonian mechanics, and also his fine papers on pure confirmation theory.

Models of Discovery

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Author :
Release : 1977
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 588/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Models of Discovery by : Herbert Alexander Simon

Download or read book Models of Discovery written by Herbert Alexander Simon. This book was released on 1977. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these essays, the author attacks the central problems in the philosophy of science from the viewpoint of a working scientist who relates the philosophical questions to methodological issues that have arisen in his own research. The essays deal with six main topics: the validation of hypotheses, the logic of causal ordering and its relation to the definability and identifiability of theoretical terms, the logic of imperatives and decisions, the structure of complex systems, the theory of scientific discovery, and the axiomization of scientific theories. He treats these topics in a unified way by employing the analytic tools of model theory and by putting the discovery of theories, rather than their testing, at the center of the stage. Questions surrounding the axiomization of theories are examined in the light of real examples (Newtonian mechanics and Ohm's law) rather than simplified, hypothetical ones. Formalisms are not avoided, but they are always used as a means and not as ends in themselves.--

Models of Discovery

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Author :
Release : 1977
Genre :
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : /5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Models of Discovery by : R. T. Tregear

Download or read book Models of Discovery written by R. T. Tregear. This book was released on 1977. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific Discovery

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Author :
Release : 1999-10-31
Genre : Computers
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 924/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific Discovery by : L. Magnani

Download or read book Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific Discovery written by L. Magnani. This book was released on 1999-10-31. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume is based on the papers that were presented at the Interna tional Conference Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific Discovery (MBR'98), held at the Collegio Ghislieri, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, in December 1998. The papers explore how scientific thinking uses models and explanatory reasoning to produce creative changes in theories and concepts. The study of diagnostic, visual, spatial, analogical, and temporal rea soning has demonstrated that there are many ways of performing intelligent and creative reasoning that cannot be described with the help only of tradi tional notions of reasoning such as classical logic. Traditional accounts of scientific reasoning have restricted the notion of reasoning primarily to de ductive and inductive arguments. Understanding the contribution of model ing practices to discovery and conceptual change in science requires ex panding scientific reasoning to include complex forms of creative reasoning that are not always successful and can lead to incorrect solutions. The study of these heuristic ways of reasoning is situated at the crossroads of philoso phy, artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and logic; that is, at the heart of cognitive science. There are several key ingredients common to the various forms of model based reasoning to be considered in this book. The models are intended as in terpretations of target physical systems, processes, phenomena, or situations. The models are retrieved or constructed on the basis of potentially satisfying salient constraints of the target domain.

Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology

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Release : 2013-08-31
Genre : Science
Kind : eBook
Book Rating : 28X/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology by : Lorenzo Magnani

Download or read book Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology written by Lorenzo Magnani. This book was released on 2013-08-31. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains contributions presented during the international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR ́012), held on June 21-23 in Sestri Levante, Italy. Interdisciplinary researchers discuss in this volume how scientific cognition and other kinds of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important or creative changes in theories and concepts. Some of the contributions analyzed the problem of model-based reasoning in technology and stressed the issues of scientific and technological innovation. The book is divided in three main parts: models, mental models, representations; abduction, problem solving and practical reasoning; historical, epistemological and technological issues. The volume is based on the papers that were presented at the international

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