Author : Niels Vankrunkelsven
Release : 2017
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Kind : eBook
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Book Synopsis Model Optimisation and Finite Element Analysis of a Human Knee Joint by : Niels Vankrunkelsven

Download or read book Model Optimisation and Finite Element Analysis of a Human Knee Joint written by Niels Vankrunkelsven. This book was released on 2017. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to certain deviations of the knee anatomy, the cartilage, the ligaments or patella, some knees are less efficient to absorb shocks and transfer forces. This means the knees will wear out faster, which may result in premature necessity for knee prosthesis. The cartilage is a tissue which does not have blood vessels. As a result, the natural regeneration of the tissue is very limited. This thesis sheds light on the most common deviations of the knee anatomy. The different models are processed and simulated to examine the influence of the knee anatomy on stress and pressure in the knee joint. Patient 1 is a male with a common knee. Patient 2 is a male with a small medial condyle of the femoral cartilage. Patient 3 is a male with a large medial condyle of the femoral cartilage. Due to ethical principles it is not possible to test the influences of the knee anatomy on a living patient. Tests can be performed on cadaver knees. The tests have to be done as soon as possible after the death of the donor. Another problem is that everyone has different knees, like fingerprints they are unique. Assembling a database containing all morphological deviations is impossible. Consequently, a cooperation with engineers is started in order to simulate and examine the knee models. The aim of the present thesis is to examine the influences of the deviations of the knee anatomy before and after a meniscectomy. Using Finite Element Analysis we examine the stress and pressure points in a human knee joint. Another aim of the present paper is to develop a procedure to optimise the model for a Finite Element Analysis. We succeeded in developing an optimisation procedure. This procedure can be used to optimise any scan for a Finite Element Analysis, which was not possible with most of the existing procedures. The developed procedure can be used in any field of research in which model optimisation of a 3D object is used. Most numerical model studies in the field of biomechanics have been focusing on stress analysis of a common knee. Medical experience, however, suggests that most knee complaints arise with divergent knees. Issues of the knee joint can be predicted and anticipated in an early stage by using Finite Element Analyses.