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Effect of the Seasonal Changes in Fuel Composition on Particulate Matter Emissions from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine

2019
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Release : 2019
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Book Synopsis Effect of the Seasonal Changes in Fuel Composition on Particulate Matter Emissions from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine by : Abhikaran Singh

Download or read book Effect of the Seasonal Changes in Fuel Composition on Particulate Matter Emissions from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine written by Abhikaran Singh. This book was released on 2019. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (MOECC) found that black carbons (BC) concentrations were significantly higher in summer than in winter, which could be attributed to the seasonal variations in fuel composition. This experimental study investigated the impact of fuel seasonal changes on particulate matter (PM) emissions using a Ford Focus wall-guided GDI engine. Fuels from five public gas stations having octane rating of 87 and 91 were analyzed and tested. This study demonstrated that summer fuels contained higher aromatics than winter fuels which led to higher PM emissions and BC concentrations during steady state and transient state conditions. Moreover, the removal of ethanol content resulted in lower PM emissions and BC concentrations during steady state conditions. This study suggested that an increase in aromatics in summer fuels could be root cause for higher BC concentrations, however, similar study should be performed in other engines to support this conclusion.

The Impact of Gasoline Fuel Composition on Air Quality

2019
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Release : 2019
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Book Synopsis The Impact of Gasoline Fuel Composition on Air Quality by : Farhana Islam

Download or read book The Impact of Gasoline Fuel Composition on Air Quality written by Farhana Islam. This book was released on 2019. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, particulate matter (PM) emissions from the gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine, are of significant concern due to their associated health effects as well as for climate impacts. Thus, in this thesis, the effect of gasoline fuel composition on GDI engine PM emissions is investigated. The detailed composition of five regular grade (anti knock index, or AKI, 87) and two premium grade (AKI91) fuels currently used in Ontario was studied. In addition, the impact of fuel seasonal changes on gas-phase emissions (i.e. benzene and toluene), and particle-phase emissions, i.e. black carbon (BC), elemental carbon (EC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and particle number (PN) were also determined using a laboratory GDI engine. The observations showed that all summer AKI87 fuels contained higher aromatics and lower paraffins compared to the winter AKI87 grade which led to higher BC, EC, PN, benzene, and toluene emissions.

Effect of Fuel Composition on Particulate Matter Emissions from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine

2017
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Release : 2017
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Book Synopsis Effect of Fuel Composition on Particulate Matter Emissions from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine by : Bryden Alexander Smallwood

Download or read book Effect of Fuel Composition on Particulate Matter Emissions from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine written by Bryden Alexander Smallwood. This book was released on 2017. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of fuel composition on reducing PM emissions were investigated using a Ford Focus wall-guided gasoline direct injection engine (GDI). Initial results with a 65% isooctane and 35% toluene blend showed significant reductions in PM emissions. Further experiments determined that this decrease was due to a lack of light-end components in that fuel blend. Tests with pentane content lower than 15% were found to have PN concentrations 96% lower than tests with 20% pentane content. This indicates that there is a shift in mode of soot production. Pentane significantly increases the vapour pressure of the fuel blend, potentially resulting in surface boiling, less homogeneous mixtures, or decreased fuel rebound from the piston. PM mass measurements and PN Index values both showed strong correlations with the PN concentration emissions. In the gaseous exhaust, THC, pentane, and 1,3 butadiene showed strong correlations with the PM emissions.

Sources of Particulate Matter Emissions Variability from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine

2015
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Release : 2015
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Book Synopsis Sources of Particulate Matter Emissions Variability from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine by : Manuel José Matos Graça Ramos

Download or read book Sources of Particulate Matter Emissions Variability from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine written by Manuel José Matos Graça Ramos. This book was released on 2015. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines

2018-11-28 Technology & Engineering
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Release : 2018-11-28
Genre : Technology & Engineering
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Book Rating : 433/5 ( reviews)

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Book Synopsis Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines by : Thorsten Boger

Download or read book Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines written by Thorsten Boger. This book was released on 2018-11-28. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For years, diesel engines have been the focus of particulate matter emission reductions. Now, however, modern diesel engines emit less particles than a comparable gasoline engine. This transformation necessitates an introduction of particulate reduction strategies for the gasoline-powered vehicle. Many strategies can be leveraged from diesel engines, but new combustion and engine control technologies will be needed to meet the latest gasoline regulations across the globe. Particulate reduction is a critical health concern in addition to the regulatory requirements. This is a vital issue with real-world implications. Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines encompasses the current strategies and technologies used to reduce particulates to meet regulatory requirements and curtail health hazards - reviewing principles and applications of these techniques. Highlights and features in the book include: Gasoline particulate filter design, function and applications Coated and uncoated three way catalyst design and integration Measurement of gasoline particulate matter emission, both laboratory and PEMS The goal is to provide a comprehensive assessment of gasoline particulate emission control to meet regulatory and health requirements - appealing to calibration, development and testing engineers alike.

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